Judiciary
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| A judicial order setting forth what must be done to correct a situation a judges believes to be wrong | Remedy
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| Statement on a case by the Supreme Court that reflects the majority's view | Opinion of the Court
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| A petition filed with the US Supreme Court by an indigent person that waives the filing fee | In forma pauperis
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| A doctrine holding that state and federal authorities can prosecute the same person for the same conduct, each authority prosecuting under its own law | Dual sovereignty
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| An approach to judicial review which holds that judges should discover the general principles underlying the Constitution and apply them to cases | Judicial activist
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| The tradition by which the Senate will not confirm a district court judge if the senator who is from that state and of the president's party objects | Senatorial courtesy
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| A legal document submitted by lawyers to courts. It sets forth the facts of a case, summarizes any lower court decisions on the case, gives the arguments for the side represented by the lawyer filing the brief | Brief
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| A term meaning "friend of the court;" refers to interested groups not directly involved in a suit who may file legal briefs in support of one side | Amicus curiae
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| A legal concept that refers to who is entitled to bring a case | Standing
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| A case brought by a person on behalf of not only himself of herself but all other persons in similar circumstances | Class action suit
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| An informal rule of judicial decision making in which judges try to follow precedent in deciding cases | Stare decisis
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| A question of ideological purity used by recent presidents in selecting and by senators in confirming judges to nominate to federal courts | Litmus test
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| An approach to judicial review which holds that judges should confine themselves to applying those rules that are stated in or clearly implied by the language of the Constitution | Strict constructionist
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| Method by which a Senator can put a hold on a judge nominated for the district court in his/her state | Blue slip
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