Bureaucracy
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| A large organization composed of appointed officers in which authority is divided among several managers | Bureaucracy
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| 1883 law which began the process of transferring federal jobs form patronage to the merit system | Pendleton Act
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| Bureaucratic appointments made on the basis of political considerations | Patronage
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| Money formally set aside for a specific use | Appropriation
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| Members of interest groups, congressional staffers, university faculty, experts in think tanks, and members of the media who regularly debate government policy on a certain subject | Issue network
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| 1939 law that prohibits civil servants from active participation in partisan politics; amended in 1993 | Hatch Act
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| The policy-making network composed of a government agency, a congressional committee, and an interest group | Iron triangle
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| A bureaucratic pathology in which agencies tend to grow without regard to the benefits their programs confer or the costs they entail | Imperialism
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| Money outside the regular government budget; funds beyond the control of congressional appropriations committees | Trust fund
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| A law passed in 1966 giving citizens the right to inspect all government records except those containing military, intelligence, or trade secrets or information revealing private personnel actions | Freedom of Information Act
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| The ability of a bureaucracy to choose courses of action and make policies not spelled out in advance by laws | Discretionary authority
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| The practice of a legislative committee determining the amount an agency can spend on a yearly basis; curtails the power of the appropriations committees | Annual authorization
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| An 1989 law creating an Office of Special Counsel to investigate complaints from bureaucrats claiming they were punished after reporting to Congress about waste, fraud, or abuse in their agencies | Whistleblower Protection Act
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| Congressional supervision of the bureaucracy | Oversight
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| A bureaucratic pathology in which some agencies seem to be working at cross-purposes to other agencies | Conflict
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| Legislation that originates in a legislative committee stating the maximum amount of money that an agency may spend on a given program | Authorization
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| A bureaucratic pathology in which an agency spends more than is necessary to buy some product or service | Waste
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| A bureaucratic pathology in which complex rules and procedures must be followed to get things done | Red tape
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| A bureaucratic pathology in which two or more government agencies seem to be doing the same thing | Duplication
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| A large organization composed of appointed officers in which authority is divided among several managers | Bureaucracy
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