chapter 30
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| represents the patients general state of health | homeostasis
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| cardinal signs | T P R BP
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| measurements that include head and chest circumference. performed on children three and under | anthropometric
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| the balance between the heat lost and the heat produced by the body | temperature
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| tempurature is normally slower and cooler in the | morning
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| a fever that rises and falls only slightly during the 24 hour period | continuous fever
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| fever comes and goes or spikes then returns to average | intermittent fever
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| has great fluctuation but never returns to the average range | remittent fever
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| reflects the palpable beat of the arteries as they expand with the beat of the heart | pulse
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| bradycardia, tachycardia, pulse defecit | arrhythmia
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| one complete inspiration and expiration is | respiration
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| characteristics of respiratory rate | rate, number of respirations per minuterhythm, breathing patterndepth, amount of air being inhaled and exhaled
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| reflects the pressure of the blood against the walls of the arteries | blood pressure
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| the pressure of the blood against the artery walls when the heart has just finished pumping. contracting | systolic measurement
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| the pressure of the blood against the artery walls between heartbeats. the heart is filling with blood | diastolic measurement
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| rectal or aural temperature is considered febrile | over 100.4 degrees
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| oral temp febrile over | 99.5 degrees
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| axillary temp over | 98.6 degrees
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| most accurate form of temperature | aural
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| with every beat the heart pumps an amount of blood into the aorta | stroke volume
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| difficult or painful breathing | dyspnea
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| a progressive and irreversible lung condition that results in diminished lung capacity | COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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| respirations that are regular in rhythm but slower than normal in rate | bradypnea
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| absence or cesation of breathing | apnea
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| respirations that are rapid and shallow, hyperventilation | tachypnea
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| increase in the depths of breathing | hyperpnea
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| abnormally prolonged and deep breathing usually associated with acute anxiety or emotional tension | hyperventilation
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| condition in which an individual must sit or stand to breath comfortably | orthopnea
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| abnormal or crackling breath sounds during inspiration | rales
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| abnormal rumbling sounds on expiration that indicate airway obstruction by thick secretions or spasms | rhonchi
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| a strenuous respiratory effort that has a snoring sound | stertorous
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| bluish color that represents the increased level of carbon dioxide present in the blood | cyanosis
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| produced by the vibrations of the arterial wall | korotkoff
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| used to measure blood pressure with a stethoscope | sphygmomanometer
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| instrument used to inspect the inner structures of the eye | ophthalmoscope
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| instrument used to examine the external auditory canal and tympanic memmbrane | otoscope
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| stainless steel instrument used to inspect he lining of the nose,nasal membranes, and internal septum | nasal speculum
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| used to check a patients auditory acuity and to test bone vibration | tuning fork
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| flexible ribbon ruler | tape measure
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| listening device used to ausculate certain areas of the body | stethoscope
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| the use of observation to detect significant physical features or objective data | inspection
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| the use of touch to determine the body's condition or that of an underlying organ | palpation
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| involves tapping or striking the body usually with the fingers or a small hammer | percussion
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| uses a stethoscope to listen to sounds arising from the body and distinguish between normal and abnormal sounds | ausculation
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| the forceful passive movement of a joint to determine its range of extension or flexion | manipulation
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| the process of measuring | mensuration
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| rules for emergencies | stay calmassess the situation to determine nature of the emergencyobtain as much information as possible to determine the appropriate actionimmediately refer any concerns to the office supervisor or physician
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| fungal infection | mycotic
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| chain of infection | Infectious agentResevoir hostPortal of exitmode of transmissionPortal of entranceSuseptible host
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| similar to both viruses and bacteria carried by vectors | rickettsiae
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| molds and yeasts | fungi
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| unicellular parasites frequently transmitted by vectors | protozoa
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| classified by the morphology some produce spores | bacteria
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| smallest obligate intracellular parasites palliative treatment | viruses
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| produces antibodies specific to antigen exposure | humoral immunity
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| destroys pathogens at the site. phagocytosis | cell mediated immunity
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| the bodys protective reaction to a foreign substance or antigen | inflammatory response
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| four classic signs and symptoms of inflammation | rednessswellingpainheat
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| two things needed for effective handwashing | running water and friction
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| specialized clothing or equipment that prevents blood or other potentially infectious material from passing through to reach the healthcare worker | personal protective equipment PPE
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| what is the first thing that should be done post exposure for a needle stick | immediately cleanse the site
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| to create an environment as free of pathogens as possible to prevent reinfection or cross infection | medical asepsis
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| used when the patients skin or mucous membranes are disrupted | surgical asepsis
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| an alteration in the normal structure or function of an organism or cell | disease
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| growth of pathogenic microorganisms in the body is considered | ifectious disease
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| safety and infection control fundamentals | barrier protectionenvirnmental protectionhousekeeping controlshep b vaccinationpostexposure follow up
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| a needle can be recapped when | after drawing medication from a vial.
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| tears of the ligaments | sprains
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| injuries to a muscle and tendon | strains
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| the basic unit of life | cell
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| space within a vessel or tube | lumen
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| any medication route other than oral | parenteral
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| absence of heartbeat | asystole
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| a substance that causes vomitting | emetic
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| excreting large amounts of urine | polyuria
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Created by:
tonja