2 Peds Allergy
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| Allergic Rhinitis Pathophysiology | On exposure to certain antigens, IgE fixed to mast cells causes the release of chemical mediators leading to inflammation, vasodilation and increased capillary permeability
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| Histamine containing granules are found with the... | mast cells
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| Allergic Rhinitis History to obtain | Symptoms, Severity of Sx, Pattern of sx: relationship to seasons, antigen exposure
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| PE of Allergic Rhinitis: Face-long,narrow face, high arched palate, allergic salute, mouth breathing; Eyes- infraorbital shiners, conjunctival injection and cobblestoning, stringy discharge; AND | Nose -pale, swollen mucosa, clear discharge, transverse nasal creasel. Mouth - dry lips, PND
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| Differential Diagnosis with Allergic Rhinitis | Sinusitis: purulent Discharge, HA, PND. Rhinitis medicamentosa: overuse of topical decongestants. Local disorders: polyps, dev septum, adenoid hypertrophy, fb. Vasomotor rhinitis
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| Allergy Prick Skin tests in for Allergic Rhinitis labs: | pollens (trees-spring, grass-summer, ragweed-fall), dust mites, animals, mold, cockroaches
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| Tx of Allergic Rhinitis | Avoid offending allergens, medication, allergy vaccine therapy
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| Decongestant for Allergic Rhinitis | Sudafed
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| Antihistamines for Allergic Rhinitis | Allegra, Xyzal, Clarinex, Zyrtec, Claritin
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| Nasal Steroids for Allergic Rhinitis | Veramyst, Rhinocort, Nasonex, Nasalide, Nasocort, Flonase
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| Eye Tx for allergic Rhinitis | Pataday, Zaditor, Ellistat
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| Immunotherapy process in treating allergic rhinitis | 3-5 years of injections containing antigens causing symptoms. Decreases symptoms, medication use
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| Major Criteria of Clinical Manifestations in Atopic Dermatitis | Pruritis, Typical distribution of rash, chronic and relapsing, hx of other allergic sx
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| Common locations for Infantile Atopic Dermatitis | Face, elbows, knees
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| Common location for Toddler Atopic Dermatitis | Wrist, popliteal and antecubital fossae
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| Hyperpigmentation and Lichenification can be seen in | Atopic Dermatitis
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| Minor clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis | Xerosis, hyperlinear palms, early age of onset, Dennie’s lines, infraorbital shiners, food intolerances, cutaneous infections, intolerance to wool, increased itch with sweating
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| Labs for atopic dermatitis | allergy skin tests, IgE levels (usually elevated), skin culture, double blind food challenge
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| Differential Diagnosis for atopic dermatitis | Seborrhea (scalp and face), Contact dermatitis (nickel dermatitis), Scabies (intense itching)
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| Tx for atopic dermatitis | Emollients (cetaphil, cerave, etc), Topical steroids (mildest effective potency), Nonsteroidal creams (elidil, protopic), Abx for 2ndary infxn (keflex, check for mrsa), Antipuritics (atarax, benadryl, zyrtec)
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| Tx Continued for Atopic dermatitis | Daily soaking baths, avoid environmental irritants, elimination diet (if indicated), Complementary treatments (biofeedback, massage, behavior modification, counseling)
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