8thg grade wilson science final

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Name the layers of the atmosphere in order (top to bottom):

exosphere (outer space ^), thermosphere, mesosphere, startosphere (ozone filters U.V. Rays), torposhere (weather, densest air, us :), surface of earth.

Define radiation

transfer of energy by elctro magnetic waves

Define Conduction

transfers heat by contact

Define convection

warm air moves & mixes to transfer heat 2 other air

The name of the wind at the beach in the day time:

Sea Breeze

Where is the high and low, warm and cool, at sea breeze?

warm, low on land, high cool on sea, up from sand down on ocean.

Where is the high and low, warm and cool, at land breeze?

warm, low on sea, high cool on land, up from sea down on land.

Where is the high and low, warm and cool, at Valley breeze?

warm, low on mountain, high cool in valley, up from mountain down on valley.

Where is the high and low, warm and cool, at Mountain breeze?

warm, low on valley, high cool on mountain, up from valley down on mountain.

The name of the wind at the beach in the night time:

land breeze

The name of the wind at the slopes in the day time:

Mountain breeze

The name of the wind at the slopes in the night time:

Valley Breeze

Factors that cause High Pressure:

at a bottom of a mountain, dry air, cold air

Factors that cause Low Pressure:

at a mountain top, moist air, warm air

Describe Rain:

liquid at surface

Describe Snow:

Sublimation ( solid crystal the whole time )

Describe Sleet:

Freezes as it falls (winter)

Describe Hail:

rain carried up in storms & freezes then falls (summer)

Describe Freezing Rain:

freezes on surface.

Define Relative Humidity:

amount of water vcapor the air is holding vs. the amount it could hold at that temperature.

Define Sling Psychrometer:

used to measure realtive humidity

Define Saturation:

air is holding all the water vapor it can

Tornadoes:

high wind speeds, fujita scale 0-5/6, april-june, max. 379 mph, hook echo, from in supercell thunder., faster wind & moving, vortex, funnel cloud, largest & most form in Tex. Kan. + ok., Wall cloud

Hurricanes:

named, saffir-simpson scale 0-6, june-october, min. wind. 70mph- max. 155+, torential rains, calm eye & eye wall, form west of Africa in Atlantic, typhoon, planes flying through get best info. can produce tornadoes.

transpiration

water from plants

condensation

gas to liquid, heat is removed from water

sublimation

gas to solid

persiration

water from animals

evaporation

liquid to vapor, heat added

percipitation

any form of falling water

which is the whispy cloud? what layer? prefix? what height?

cirrus cloud, 3, cirro-, above 7km

which is the puffy cloud? what layer? prefix? what height?

cumulus cloud, 2, alto-, 2-7 km

which is the thin/cover cloud? what layer? prefix? what height?

stratus cloud, 1, strato-, below 2km

what prefix/suffix do you use for clouds that are producing preciptation?

nimbo- / nimbus

outer layer of earth

crust (rock)

middle layer of earth

mantle (liquid/ mobile rock)

center part of earth towards outside

outer core ( iron & nickel, liquid )

center part of earth, dead center

inner core ( iron & nickel, solid )

list the minerals of Moh's scale in order from softest to hardest

Tale, Gypsum, Calcite, Fluorite, Apalite, Felsdpar, Quartz, Topaz, Corundum, Diamond ( Tall Giraffes Can Fly Above Friendly Queens To Conquer Dragons )

define fracture:

breaks unevenly

define cleavage:

ability to break on smooth planes of set patterns

define hardness:

scratch ability

define streak

color of powdered mineral

define luster

ability to shine

what are the requirements for something to be a mineral? (5)

1) solid 2) inorganic (non-living) 3) narural (not man-made) 4) set composition 5) set shape or structure