20th century dates and definitions
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| WWI | 1914-1918
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| Treaty of Versailles | 1919
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| Foundation of the Turkish Republic | 1923
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| Hitler takes power as chancellor of Germany | 1933
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| Berlin Olympics | 1936
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| The Spanish Civil War | 1936-1939
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| WWII | 1939-1945
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| VE (Victory in Europe) Da | 1945
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| Cold War | 1945-1991
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| Colombian Civil War | 1948-1957
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| Foundation of NATO | 1949
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| The Treaty of Rome (EEC) | 1957
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| "Papa Doc" Duvalier is elected President | 1957
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| Jimenez forced into exile | 1958
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| Castro becomes Prime Minister of Cuba | 1959
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| Foundation of OPEC | 1960
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| Cuban Missile Crisis | 1962
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| Formation of the PLO | 1964
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| FARC formed | 1966
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| Munich Olympics | 1972
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| Denmark, UK & Ireland join the EEC | 1973
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| The overthrow of the Shah in Iran | 1979
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| Iran-Iraq War | 1980-1988
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| Falklands War | 1982
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| Treaty of Paris (formation of EU) | 1951
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| The Fall of the Berlin Wall | 1989
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| Pinochet steps down as head of state | 1990
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| Collapse of the USSR | 1991
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| USSR advisers leave Cuba | 1991
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| Swede, Finland & Austria join the EU | 1995
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| Taliban Govern Afghanistan | 1996-2001
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| Chavez comes to power in Venezuela | 1998
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| Switzerland joins the UN | 2002
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| The EURO is first issued as legal tender in 12 countries | 2002
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| The EU increased to 25 members | 2004
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| Six day War | 1967
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| the Yom Kippur War | 1973
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| First Major Palestinian Intifada | 1987-1991
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| Lula de Silva becomes the President of Brazil | 2002
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| Begin of Construction of Berlin Wall | 1961
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| Nuremberg Trials | 1945-1946
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| Intifada | Revolts toward Israel for Taking Palestinian Territory
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| Cuneiform | Wedge-shaped writing on clay tablets
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| Cuneiform | wedge-shaped writing on clay tablets.
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| Anti-Semitism | hatred towards Jews.
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| Hajj | Muhammad’s migration to Medina (from Mecca).
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| Martyrs | People who suffer/die for their beliefs.
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| Mandate | an official order or commission to do something.
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| Desalination | The process of purifying saltwater (into freshwater) for irrigation and drinking.
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| Theocracy | Country ruled under (according to) a religion.
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| Secular | denoting attitudes, activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual basis.
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| Conquistadors | Spanish conquerors in Latin America.
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| Mercantilism | belief that in order to increase wealth (in gold) exports > imports.
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| Mestizos | Child that is half European and half Native American (of mixed ancestry).
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| El Niño | Strong currents in the Pacific Ocean (Peru)
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| Caudillos | Latin American leader who seize power for a short period of time.
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| Multiculturalism | Policy that encourages cultural diversity.
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| Inflation | Economic trend where there is a steep increase in prices.
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| Socratic Method | A pedagogical technique in which a teacher does not give information directly but instead asks a series of questions, with the result that the student comes either to the desired knowledge by answering the questions them selves.
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| Aristocracy | Government ruled by a small upper class (elite).
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| Absolute Monarchy | System of government in which the monarch has absolute power.
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| Appeasement | pacify or placate (someone) by acceding to their demands
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| Holocaust | 6 million Jews (& more groups that were discriminated against, like gypsies and homosexuals) were persecuted and exterminated.
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| Welfare State | a system whereby the government undertakes to protect the health and well-being of its citizens, esp. those in financial or social need, by means of grants, pensions, and other benefits.
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| Ethnic Cleansing | During Hitler’s time in power, when he tried to “cleanse” Germany by eradicating all Jews & people that weren’t blonde and blue-eyed were not right.
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| Cold War | Battle-less war/conflict between the Superpowers (U.S & Russia). 1945 – 1991.
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| Democracy | government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system.
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| Genocide | the deliberate killing of an ethnic or religious group.
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| Coup d’état | revolt, often by military leaders, against a nation’s government.
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| Feudalism | System of government under which local lords ruled the land but were bound by ties of loyalty to higher lords and to the monarch or emperor.
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| Communism | system of government in which all property is held in common.
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| Fascism | governmental system which is led by a dictator that has complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce, etc and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism
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