DNA and RNA
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| adenine | a nitrogen-containing base that is a component of a nucleoid. pairs with thymine
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| base-pairing rule | the rule stating that in DNA, cytosine pairs with guanine and adenine pairs with thymine and in RNA, adenine pairs with uracil
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| cytosine | a nitrogen-containing base: a pyrimidine of DNA and RNA- pairs with guanine
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| DNA polymerase | an enzyme that binds tot he separate strands of DNA and assembles each strand's complement in replication
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| double helix | the stucture of DNA
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| guanine | a nitrogen-containing base that is a complement of a nucleatoide- pairs with cytosine
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| helicase | enzymes that split DNA molecules
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| mutation | a change/mistake in DNA
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| nitrogen-containing base | a DNA nucleotoid containing nitrogen, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate group
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| purine | an organic molecule that has a double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms
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| pyrimidine | an organic molecule that has a double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms
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| replication | the process by which DNA copies itself during interphase
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| replication fork | the points at which the DNA strands separate during replication
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| thymine | a nitrogen-containing base, one component of a nucleoide. pairs with adenine
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| mRNA | the type of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosmes
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| promoter | a nucleiod sequence in a DNA molecule that, when attached to a RNA molecule, will initiate transcription of a specific structural gene
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| ribose | the five-carbon sugar in RNA
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| rRNA | the type of RNA found in a ribosome
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| RNA polymerase | the primary transcription enzyme
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| termination signal | a specific sequence of nucleoids that marks the end of a gene
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| transcripition | the process in which RNA is made form DNA
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| tRNA | the type of RNA that carries amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes
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| uracil | a nitrogen-containing base that is found in RNA, it replaces thynine, and matches adenine
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| anticodon | a region of tRNA consisting of three bases complemantary toothe codon of mRNA
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| codon | a series of 3 nucleotiods in mRNA
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| genetic code | sequence of nuciotides that code for amino acids
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| protein synthesis | the formation of proteins using information coded on DNA and carried by RNA
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| DNAase | checks DNA to see if there are any mistakes
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| start codon | the codon AUG which engages a ribosome to start translating a ribosome to start translating an mRNA molecule
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| stop codon | causes the ribosome to stop translating mRNA; UAA, UAG, UGA
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| RNA translation | mRNA to tRNA
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| RNA transcription | 1)promoters, 2)RNA polymerase, 3)terminator
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| DNA replication | 1)helicaes, 2)DNA polymerase, 3)DNAases
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| Protien Synthesis | 1)RNA transpcription, 2)RNA moves from the nucleus to the ribosme, 3)mRNA read by rRNA, 3)anticodon formed by tRNA, 5)tRNA finds amino acids- brought back to ribosome, 6) amino acid seg. formed by peptide bond
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| DNA is found...? | in the nucleus in the form of chromosomes
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| DNA alphabet | Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine
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| Carbon forms...? | 4 bonds- hydrogen, phosphate, oxygen, nitrogen
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| Carbon forms____types of bonds | 4; single, double or triple. MUST HAVE 4
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| Nitrogen Bases | DNA alphabet
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| 6 molecules that make up DNA | Deoxyribose, phosphate, adenine, cytosine, guanine, thynine
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| 3 molecules make up a nucleoide | deoxyribose, phosphatem, nitrogen
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| 2 types of mutations | substitution and deletion
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| Single helix | RNA structure
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| 6 molecules in a RNA molecule | ribose, phosphate, adenine, cytosine, guanine, uracil
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| RNA alphabet | adenine, cytosine, guanine, uracil
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| 3 types of RNA | messenger RNA, transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA
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| structure of a protien | a secuence of amino acids
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| amino acid | organic compounds that exsist- your body makes 12, 8 you get from diet
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