Sem. II Life Final - Life Science Final Ch. 7-15 Spring 2010
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| Bacteria mutate into strains that are not affected by certain types of drug treatment... | Antibiotic Resistance
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| Solution made from dead viruses that is used to prevent viral diseases... | Vaccine
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| Change nitrogen from the air into forms that can be used by plants and animals... | Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
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| Bacteria which are producers are... | Cyanobacteria
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| Organisms that use oxygen for respiration... | Aerobes
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| Organisms that do not need oxygen present for life... | Anaerobes
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| Organisms that uses dead material as a food and energy source... | Saprophyte
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| Any organisms that causes diseases... | Pathogen
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| Poisons produced by disease-causing organisms... | Toxins
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| Heat resistant, thick capsules covering some bacteria... | Endospore
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| Plantlike protists... | Algae
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| A footlike cytoplasmic extension... | Pseudopod
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| Threadlike structures extending from the cell membrane of Paramecia... | Cilia
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| Reproductive cell of fungi... | Spore
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| Sacs of reproductive cells of yeasts, morels, truffles, and other sac fungi... | Asci
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| Form of reproduction used by yeasts in which the organisms grows off the side of parent.. | Budding
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| Structure in club fungi holding reproductive cells... | Basidium
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| Organisms made of fungus and green algae or a cyanobacteria... | Lichen
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| Threadlike tubes that make up a fungus... | Hyphae
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| Population explosion of dinoflagellates... | Red Tide
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| Composes the cell walls of plants... | Cellulose
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| Waxy layer on stems and leaves... | Cuticle
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| Plants with tube-like system of vessels... | Vascular plants
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| Rootlike filament that holds a moss in place... | Rhizoid
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| Underground stem of a fern... | Rhizome
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| Leaf of a fern... | Frond
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| Spore-producing structures on the underside of fern fronds... | Sori
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| Name given to the first plants to grow in new environments... | Pioneer Species
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| Poorly drained areas with spongy, wet ground that is composed mainly of dead/decaying plants... | Bogs
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| A capsule in which spores are produced by meiosis... | Sporophyte
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| Vascular plants with no flowers or fruit... | Gymnosperms
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| Vascular plants with flowers... | Angiosperms
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| Flowering plants with two cotyledons in their seeds... | Dicots
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| Flowering plants with one cotyledon in their seeds... | Monocots
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| Person who studies the relationships between people of various cultures and the plants they use... | Ethnobotanist
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| Tissue that moves food from leaves to other plant parts... | Phloem
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| Tissue that produces new xylem and phloem cells... | Cambium
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| The swollen base of the pistil in angiosperms, where eggs are produced... | Ovary
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| In a plant leave, cells that surround the stomata to open and close them... | Guard Cells
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| Plant processes using light energy to produce food... | Photosynthesis
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| Anything in environment affecting the behavior of an organism... | Stimulus
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| Response of a plant to a stimulus... | Tropism
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| Flowering response of a plant to changes in length of light and dark in a day... | Phototropism
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| Plants requiring long nights to flower... | Short-day plants
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| Plants that flower over a wide range of night lengths... | Day-neutral plants
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| Plant hormone that moves to the shaded side of the stem, pushing the flower towards the light... | Auxin
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| Releasing energy from food... | Respiration
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| Plants improved through the insertion of DNA from another plant species... | Transgenic Crop
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| Movement of DNA directly from one organisms to another... | Biotechnology
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| Animals without a backbone... | Invertebrate
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| Body parts arranged in a circle like a wheel hub... | Radial symmetry
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| Remains attached to one place for life span.. | Sessile
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| Located on inside of sponge; helps water movement... | Collar Cells
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| Replacing body parts... | Regeneration
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| Animals that produce both sperm and eggs... | Hermaphrodites
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| Young organisms... | Larva
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| Body plan that is shaped like a tube or vase... | Polyp
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| Body plan that is bell-shaped... | Medusa
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| Young worm with a protective covering... | Cyst
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| Blood containing food and oxygen is contained and transported in a series of vessels... | Closed Circulatory System
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| Cephalopods use incurrent and excurrent siphons for... | Jet Propulsion
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| Class of mollusks with the most specialized and complex members... | Cephalopods
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| Largest class of mollusks which includes snails, slugs, and conches... | Gastropods
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| Mollusks that have a two-part shell joined by a hinge... | Bivalves
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| Muscular structure that grinds soil... | Gizzard
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| Organisms without a backbone... | Invertebrates
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| Sac used for temporary food storage in earthworms... | Crop
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| Soft bodied invertebrates that usually have shells... | Mollusks
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| Tongue-like organ with rows of teeth that works like a file... | Radula
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| Invertebrates with jointed appendages... | Arthropods
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| Outer-covering made of chitin... | Exoskeleton
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| Shedding of the exoskeleton... | Molting
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| Largest class of arthropods... | Insects
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| Changes some animals go through to become adults... | Metamorphosis
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| Spiny-skinned invertebrates living on the ocean bottom... | Echinoderms
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| Organisms without a backbone... | Invertebrates
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| Appendages that act like suction cups... | Tube Feet
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| Class that spiders and scorpions belong to... | Arachnida
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| Have mandibles (jaws).. | Crustaceans
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| Bacilli are bacteria that have a _________ shape | Rod
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| Bacteria that have a spherical shape are called _________ | Cocci
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| Bacteria and other organisms can live without oxygen | Anaerobes
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| Bacteria that are saprophytes use _________ as a food and energy source | Dead Material
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| A process of the food industry that is used to kill harmful bacteria is _________ | Pasteurization
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| One reason tuberculosis has made a comeback is because the bacteria that causes the disease has developed _________ | Antibiotic Resistance
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| Two foods that are made using helpful bacteria are... | Sauerkraut and Cheeses
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| Monerans never have... | Membrane-Bound Organelles
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| Monerans are... | Eukaryotic
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| Thick walls around some bacteria... | Endospores
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| Most bacteria reproduce by... | Fission
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| Common name for cyanobacteria is ___________ algae | Blue-Green
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| Helpful bacteria can help clean up ________ | Soils
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| It is estimated that nitrogen-fixing bacteria save farmers several million dollars in _________ costs each year | Fertilizer
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| An antibiotic is a drug used to kill _________ | Bacteria
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| Eukaryotic organisms that are plantlike, animallike, of funguslike belong to the _________ kingdom... | Protist
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| _________ are hypothesized to be the ancestors of animals... | Protozoans
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| The most numerous of all the algae are _________ | Diatoms
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| Red tides are caused by _________ | Dinoflagellates
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| In the phylum Rhodophyta, __________ pigments absorb light up to 175 meters deep | Red
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| _________ move about and feed using footlike extensions of cytoplasm | Sarcodines
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| Flagellates are beneficial to termites because they __________ | Help Digest Food
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| _____________ are short, oar like structures extending from cell membranes | Cilia
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| The cells of slime mold reproduce the same way __________ do | Fungi
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| The phylum sporozoa contains only small, ________ protozoan | Parasitic
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| The body of a fungus is usually a mass of threadlike tubes called __________ | Hyphae
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| The cell walls of the threadlike tubes of a fungus are made of __________ | Chitin
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| Zygote fungi produce reproductive cells in cases called _____________ | Sporangia
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| Scientist think that plants evolved directly from the ___________ kingdom | Protista
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| Mosses and Liverworts are examples of _____________ | Bryophytes
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| Nonvascular plants lack... | Vascular Tissue
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| First plants to grow in a new environment are _____________ | Liverworts and Mosses
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| A seed is the reproductive part of a plant that contains a plant __________ | Embryo
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| The oldest trees alive today are ___________ | Gymnosperms
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| __________ tissue is made up of tubular vessels that transport water and minerals up from the roots throughout the plant | Xylem
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| The major function of leaves is to _______ | Make food
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| Small pores in the leaf surface are called _________ | Stomata
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| The cells of the _________ have chloroplasts filled with chlorophyll | Palisade Layer
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| The embryo has a supply of stored food called the _________ | Endosperm
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| __________ signals a seed to begin growth | Water
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| Seed plants do not have... | Rhizoids
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| Male reproductive organ of the flower... | Stamen
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| Stalk of male reproductive organ... | Filament
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| Forms the pollen grains... | Anther
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| Female reproductive organ of the flower... | Pistil
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| Sticky area where pollen grain lands... | Stigma
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| Stalk of female reproductive area... | Style
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| Forms the ovules... | Ovary
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| Most carbon dioxide enters plants through stomata on the _______________ of leaves | Lower Surface
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| Light, ________ and carbon dioxide all affect the opening and closing of stomata | Water
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| When you eat beets, _______ or potatoes you are eating foods stored by the plants | Carrots
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| The type of growth response having to do with light is called ___________ | Phototropism
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| _________ causes fruit to ripen | Ethylene Gas
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| A vertebrate is defined as having a(n) __________ | Backbone
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| An animal with _______ has its body parts arranged in the same way on both sides of its body | Bilateral symmetry
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| Early scientists classified sponges as _________ | Plants
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| Most sponges have __________ | Asymmetrical form
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| The body of a sponge is covered with many small openings called _________ | Pores
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| Their __________ help sponges to filter feed | Collar Cells
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| The bodies of many sponges contain sharp structures called _________ | Spicules
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| Sponges reproduce_________ | Asexually and Sexually
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| Most cnidarians live in ________ | Oceans
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| All cnidarians have _________ | Radial symmetry
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| Tapeworms lack ___________ | Digestive System
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| Heartworm is a disease in dogs caused by _________ | Roundworms
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| Like simple worms, mollusks have a body plan with... | Bilateral Symmetry
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| A system with blood not contained within vessels... | Open Circulatory System
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| Gastropods have a ____________, a tongue-like organ that works like a file | Radula
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| The class of mollusks with the most specialized members are the ... | Cephalopods
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| Segmented worms have bristle-like structures called _______ to help them move | Setae
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| Like mollusks, segmented worms have a ... | Body cavity
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| A(n) ___________ resembling a spinning top with cilia in the middle is the best evidence that mollusks and segmented worms share a common ancestor... | Larva
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| The equivalent to a "sliver", oysters and some clams form a ___________ in order to protect their soft bodies | Pearl
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| _____________ are an example of an appendage | Claws
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| Covers, supports, and protects the arthropod's body with a nonliving material | Exoskeleton
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| Unlike other arthropods, arachnids have _______ legs | 8
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| __________ make up the largest group of complex invertebrates | Insects
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| Structures echinoderms use ___________ to move and open mollusk shells... | Tube feet
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| ___________ body parts are replaced by generation | Starfish
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| Between a millipede and a centipede, the _____________ doesn't sting or poison it's food | Millipede
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| To put similar organisms in groups | Classify
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| The science of grouping and naming organisms | Taxonomy
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| The largest of the classification categories | Kingdom
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| The two name system of classification | Binomial Nomenclature
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| A group made up of all the orders of similar species | Class
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| Smallest, most specific classification category | Species
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| The great variety of plant and animal species on earth | Species diversity
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| Tool to help identify an organisms scientific name | Dichotomous key
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