Bio- Cells
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| Mitochondrion | transfers energy from organic compounds to ATP
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| Ribosome | organizes the synthesis of proteins
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| ER | prepares proteins for export (rough ER); synthesizes steriods, regualtes calcium levels, breaks down toxic substances (smooth ER)
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| Golgi Body | processes and packages substances produced by the cell
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| Lysosome | digests molecules, old organelles, and forgien substances
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| Microfibers and microtubules | contribute to the support, movement, and division of cells
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| Cilia and flagella | propel cells through the environment; move materials over the cell surface
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| Nucleus | stores hereditary information in DNA; synthesizes RNA and ribosomes
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| Cell Wall | supports and protects the cell
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| Vacuole | stores enzymes and waste products
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| Plastid | stores food or pigments; one type (chloroplast) transfers energy from light to organic compounds
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| Organization of Multicellular Organisms | 1. Cell 2. Tissues 3. Organs 4. Systems 5. Organism
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| Region in Prokaryotic cells DNA | Nucleoid
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| Higher magnification | Lower resolution
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| Cell | the smallest unit that can carry on the process of life
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| Cell Theory | 1. all living things are made of one or more cell 2. cells are the units of stucture and function in an organism 3. cells come only from preexsiting cells
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| Cell Membrane | the lipid bilayer that froms the outer boundary of a cell
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| Eukaryote | a cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
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| Prokaryote | a unicellular organism that lacxks a nucleus andmembrane bound organelles
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| Organelle | one of several formed bodies with a specialized function that is suspended in the cytoplasm and found in Eukaryotic cells
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| Cytoskeleton | maintains size and shape of the cell
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| Actin | protein that makes up microfilaments
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| Nuclear Envelope | double membrane surrounding the nucleus
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| Chromatin | a combination of DNA and protein in the nucleus
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| Nuclear Pores | small holes in the nuclear envelope
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| Nucleolus | where ribosomes are synthesized
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| Microfilaments | the smallest strands that make up the cytoskeleton
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| Organ | several types of tissue that interact to preform a specific function
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| Organ System | made up of a group of organs that work together to preform a set of related tasks
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| Tissue | groups of cells that carry out a specific function
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| Central Vacuole | in plant cells, a large, membrane bound sac that stores water, nutrients, or other substances
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| Chloroplasts | in plants, organelles that use light to make organic compounds
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| Vesicle | a small, membrane bound sac
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| Most functions of a Eukaryotic cell are controlled by the cells | Nucleus
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| Smooth ER lacks | ribosomes
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| SI | a system of meausrement based on powers of 10
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| Electrom Microscope | uses a beam of electrons to form an image of a specimen
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| TEM | micrograph revealing a cells internal structre on fine detail
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| Magnification | making an image look larger than it actually is
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| Light Microscope | light passes through one or more lenses to produce a magnified image of a specimen
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| Resolution | a measure of an image's clarity
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| van Leeuwenhoek | invented the first microscope; viewed an "animacules" in pond water
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| Hooke | looked at a piece of cork through a microscope and found the dead tree cells; came up with the term "cell"
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| Schleiden | "all plants are made up of cells"
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| Virchow | "all cells come from preexsisting cells"
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| Scanning Electron Microscope | produces highly magnified 3-D images of a cells surface
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| Phospholipid | a lipid made of a phosphate group and fatty acids
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| Kingdoms: Eukaryotic | Plant, Animal, Fungi, Protus
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| Kingdoms: Prokaryotic | Bacteria, Archea
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| Extra Credit: What are the two countries who do not use the metric system? | America and Sierra Leone
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