MyDrug list Cagle 2009

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DRUG NAME

CLASS

THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS

Uses/INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

DOSE

Administration

DESCRIPTION

Adenosine Adenocard

Atrial Antidysrythmic

Slows SVT, decreases electrical conduction through the AV node

Narrow complex SVT and WPW

2nd & 3rd AV block , sick sinus syndrome

chest pain, hypotension, SOB

6 mg rapid IVP, followed by 20 ml flush, elevate arm repeat @ 12 mg times 2 ( 6-12-12 )

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Amiodarone Cordarone

Vent. Antidysrhythmic

Used in place of Lidocaine for VT and VF ( alters the NA and K in the cardiac cells)

VF and VT refractory SVT

Bradycardia, hypotension, cardiogenic shock

Bradycardia , hypotension

300mg IVP, repeat @ 150 mg for pulseless arrest, 150 mg for wide complex tach over 10 min. Mix infusion 900 mg /500 ml run 1 mg /min for first 6 hours then 0.5 mg for next 18 hrs.

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Aspirin N/A

Antiplatelet

Decreases platelet aggregation

Suspected MI

GI bleed, hemorragic stroke

Irritation, N/V

1-4, 81 mg or 1, 325 mg chewable tabs

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Atropine Sulfate N/A

Parasympathetic Blocker

Blocks parasympathetic system from being stimulated ( blocks the 10th cranial nerve- vagus nerve)

Symptomatic Bradycardia, asystole, PEA

Tachycardia

Tachycardia, Paradoxical Bradycardia

0.5-1 mg IV for symptomatic Bradycardia, 1 mg IV or ET for PEA or Asystole NOT to exceed 0.04 mg/kg ( 3 mg or 3 doses)

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Diltiazem Cardizem

Calcium Channel Blocker

Slows conduction through the AV node. Slows the Ventricular Rate

AF, Atrial Flutter with RVR

AMI, Heart blocks, Hypotension

Chest pain, hypotension, Bradycardia

0.25mg/kg slow IVP over 2 mins , may be repeated in 15 mins, @ 0.35 mg/kg

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Dopamine Intropin

Sympathetic Agent

Increases the rate and force of cardiac contractions,( has alpha and beta effects)

Hemodynamically significant hypotension in the absence of hypovolemia, cardiogenic shock

V-fib , Tachydyshrythmias

Hypertension, Heart Ischemia

2-20 mcg/kg/min, mixed 400mg/250ml or 800mg/500ml= 1600mcg/ml concentration

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Epinephrine Adrenaline

Sympathetic Agent

Used to restore electrical activity in asystole, lowers fibrillation threshold

VF, VT, PEA and Asystole

None for arrest

Tachycardia, Hypertension, VT, V-Fib

1mg of 1:10,000 IV, IO, ET q 3-5 min.for any pulseless arrest NO MAX DOSE

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Lidocaine Xylocaine

Vent. Antidysrhythmic

Raises fibrillation threshold , decreases ventricular automaticity

PVC,VT, VF

2nd & 3rd AV block , hypersensitivity

Bradycardia, Blurred vision, Confusion

1-1.5 mg/kg IV, IO, or ET not to exceed 3mg/kg for cardiac arrest, VF, Pulseless VT, Infuse @ 2-4 mg/min, Mix 1G/250ml or 2G/500ml, 0.5-0.75mg/kg for wide complex tach(sick heart)

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Magnesium Sulfate N/A

Electrolyte

Relaxes smooth muscle

Refractory VT ( Torsades de Pointe/ polymorphic VT )

heart blocks, resp. depression

hypotension, resp. arrest

1-2G in 50-100 ml of NS run of 5-60 min IV

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Morphine Sulfate N/A

Analgesic

Potent analgesic

MI pain, and pulmonary edema

head injury, hypotension, resp. depression

syncope, euphoria, resp. depression

2-4mg slow IVP max 10 mg in field Titrate to effect

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Nitroglycerine N/A

Vasodilator

Dilates arterioles and veins, decreases preload and afterload

Ischemic Chest Pain

Hypotension, Recent CVA, Viagra use

hypotension, H/A, postural syncope

0.3-0.4 mg SL tabs or spray

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Oxygen N/A

Gas, Oxygen, USP

Oxygen is required for the efficient breakdown of glucose and other nutrient materials necessary for metabolism. Increased concentration of oxygen in the alveolus subsequently leads to increased oxygen saturation of hemoglobin.

Hypoxia or suspected hypoxia. Oxygen is indicated in all forms of trauma, medical emergencies, chest pain, respiratory difficulty, childbirth and for any critical patient

No contraindications Oxygen should be used cautiously in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in neonates. Prolonged high concentrations of oxygen in these patients may be harmful

CNS: None under normal barometric pressure CV: None Resp: Prolonged high flow oxygen without humidification may cause drying of mucus membranes. Use humidified oxygen when possible GI/GU: None

Adult dose: 35% (COPD) - 100% Pediatric dose: Same as for adult. Neonatal dose: Not to exceed 40%

Administered via: nasal cannula (1-6 lpm - 24-44%), simple facemask (6-10 lpm - 40 – 60%),venturi mask (4-12 lpm - 24-50%), partial rebreather mask (6-10 lpm - 35-60%), non-rebreather mask (6-15 lpm - 60 – 95%), BVM (with reservoir) (15 lpm - 40-90/100%)

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Sodium Bicarbonate N/A

Buffer Agent

Reverses acidosis

Long arrest interval ( over 10 mins)

CHF, alkalosis

Metabolic Alkalosis

1mEq, repeat @ 0.5 mEq in 10 mins.

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Vasopressin Pitressin

Antidiuretic Hormone

Stimulates smooth muscles, used as alternative to Epinephrine

VT, PEA and Asystole

Responsive pt.with CAD

Chest Pain, Tremors

40 units one time dose

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