| Question |
 |
|
| Answer |
|
|
| alkaline |
any substance that contributes to an excess of OH- ions |
| amino acid |
chemical units from which protein molecules are built |
| aqueous solution |
liquid mixture in which water is the solvent |
| atherosclerosis |
hardening of the arteries |
| atom |
smallest particle of a pure substance |
| atomic mass |
combined total number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
| atomic number |
total number of protons in an atom's nucleus |
| base |
a chemical that reduces the relative concentration of H+ ions in the whole solution |
| biochemistry |
scientific field that studies the chemical properties and processes of living organisms |
| carbohydrate |
organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in certain specific proportions |
| cholesterol |
steroid lipid found in all body cell membranes and in animal fat present in food |
| compound |
substance whose molecules have more than one kind of element in them |
| covalent bond |
chemical bond formed when atoms share electrons share electrons by overlapping their energy levels |
| dehydration synthesis |
chemical reaction in which large molecules are formed by removing water from smaller molecules and joining them together |
| dissociate |
when a compound breaks apart in solution |
| double helix |
shape of DNA molecules |
| electrolyte |
substance that ionizes in solution, rendering the solution capable of conducting an electric current |
| electron |
negatively charged particle orbiting the nucleus of an atom |
| element |
pure substance, composed of only one type of atom |
| energy level |
limited region surrounding the nucleus of an atom at a certain distance containing electrons |
| enzyme |
a functional protein acting as a biochemical catalyst allowing chemical reactions to take place in a suitable timeframe |
| glycogen |
polysaccharide made up of a chain of glucose |
| hydrolysis |
chemical reaction in which water is added to a large molecule causing it to break apart into smaller molecules |
| inorganic compound |
compound whose molecules do not contain carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds |
| ionic bond |
chemical bond formed by the positive-negative attractions between two ions |
| isotope |
two atoms that have the same atomic number but different atomic masses |
| lipid |
organic molecule usually compound of glycerol and fatty acids |
| lock-and-key model |
analogy of how hormones fit into enzymes |
| matter |
any substance that occupies space and has a mass |
| molecule |
particle of matter composed of one or more smaller units |
| neutron |
electrically neutral particle within the nucleus of an atom |
| nucleic acid |
the two nucleic acids are DNA and RNA, made up of nucleotides |
| nucleotide |
small units that form strands of nucleic acid |
| nucleus |
center control structure in the middle of the cell |
| orbital |
limits within which electrons move |
| organic compound |
compound whose large molecules contain carbon and that include C-C bonds |
| peptide bond |
covalent bond linking amino acids within a protein molecule |
| pH |
expression of relative H+ concentration |
| phospholipid |
fat molecule found in cell membranes |
| product |
any substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction |
| protein |
one of the basic nutrients need by the body |
| proton |
positively charged particle within the nucleus of an atom |
| radioactive isotope |
an isotope that emitts radiation |
| reactant |
any substance entering a chemical reaction |
| solute |
substance that dissolves into another substance |
| solvent |
substance in which other substances are dissolved |
| triglyceride |
lipid that is synthesized from fatty acids and glycerol or from excess glucose or amino acids |
MedTemCP5 Word+Pics
