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Geography

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Term
Definition
Geography   the study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these, including the distribution of populations and resources, land use, and industries.  
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Character of a place   include land forms, bodies of water, climate, soils, natural vegetation, and animal life.  
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Absolute location   A point on the earth's surface expressed by a coordinate system such as latitude and longitude.  
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GIS   geographical information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of spatial or geographical data.  
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Hemisphere   half of the terrestrial globe or celestial sphere, especially one of the halves into which the earth is divided.  
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Relative Location   a point or place in relation to another point or place  
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Perception   the state of being or process of becoming aware of something through the senses.  
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Relief   the difference in elevation between parts of the Earth's surface  
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Formal Region   area inhabited by people who have one or more traits in common (language, religion,system of a livelihood) Used for spatial differences  
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Functional Region   Area organized to function politically, socially, and economically as one unit  
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Perceptual Region   An area defined by subjective perceptions that reflect the feelings & images about key place characteristics.  
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Mantle   the mostly-solid bulk of Earth’s interior  
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Weathering   the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on Earths surface.  
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Mechanical Weathering   any of the various weathering processes that cause physical disintegration of exposed rock without any change in the chemical  
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Acid Rain   precipitation, as rain, snow, or sleet, containing relatively high concentrations of acid-forming chemicals  
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Core   the very hot, very dense center of our planet.  
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Climates   The meteorological conditions, including temperature, precipitation, and wind, that characteristically prevail in a region.  
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Chemical Weathering   any of the various weathering processes that cause exposed rock to undergo chemical decomposition  
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Lithosphere   the solid portion of the earth  
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Erosion   the process by which the surface of the earth is worn away by the action of water, glaciers, winds, waves, etc  
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Ecosystems   a system, or a group of interconnected elements, formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their environment.  
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Atmosphere   the gaseous envelope surrounding the earth; the air.  
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Hydrosphere   the water on or surrounding the surface of the globe, including the water of the oceans and the water in the atmosphere.  
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Sediment   mineral or organic matter deposited by water, air, or ice.  
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Biosphere   the part of the earth's crust, waters, and atmosphere that supports life.  
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Continent   one of the main landmasses of the globe, usually reckoned as seven in number (Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, and Antarctica).  
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Glacier   an extended mass of ice formed from snow falling and accumulating over the years and moving very slowly  
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Loess   a loamy deposit formed by wind, usually yellowish and calcareous, common in the Mississippi Valley and in Europe and Asia.  
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Plate Tectonics   a theory explaining the structure of the earth's crust and many associated phenomena as resulting from the interaction of rigid lithospheric plates that move slowly over the underlying mantle.  
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Continental Drift   the lateral movement of continents resulting from the motion of crustal plates.  
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Theory Ring of Fire   a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.  
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Moraine   a ridge, mound, or irregular mass of unstratified glacial drift, chiefly boulders, gravel, sand, and clay  
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