Radiology GI
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| The best position to identify free intraperitoneal air? | Upright chest xray including the diaphragms
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| ________is an imaging technique to obtain real-time moving images of the patient with x-rays. | Fluoroscopy
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| ______Evaluates patency, extrinsic abnormalities, and luminal narrowing, but has limited evaluation of mucosal detail | Fluoroscopy
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| _________Evaluates fine mucosal detail that allow pathology from early inflammatory changes and tumor formation to be detected | Double contast Fluorscopy. Patient ingests barium followed by effervescent granules or air insufflation per rectum
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| 2D cross-sectional images of the body are made using | CT
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| _____________differ from most other imaging modalities in that tests show the physiological function of the system as opposed to traditional anatomical imaging such as CT or MRI. | Nuclear medicine. Radiotracer (such as HIDA) is injected into the patient and images are obtained with a camera
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| Best test for cholecystitis | HIDA (hepatociliary iminodiacetic acid scan. creates pictures of your liver, gallbladder, biliary tract and small intestine to evaluate for cholecystitis.
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| ___ is a nuclear medicine technique that evaluates for GI bleeds by looking for a collection of radiotracer in a distribution that matches bowel | Tc99m
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| Common indications for Abdominal radiograph | Obstruction, ileus, free air
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| Common indications for US | Cholecystitis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, Liver cirrhosis, patency of hepatic vasculature, appendicitis
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| Hiatal hernias and esophageal varices can be assessed with | barium swallows
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| Diverticulitis, colitis, colonic masses (usually in the setting of failed colonoscopy) can be assessed with | Barium enema
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| Indications for CT | cholecystitis, bowel obstruction, abdominal tumors, complications in pancreatitis and liver cirrhosis
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| Indications for MRI | Complications of liver cirrhosis, biliary tract obstructions and evaluate/stage abdominal tumors
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| _____ can be used to assess an acute lower GI bleed | Tagged RBC scan
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| Etiologies for narrowing of the distal esophagus | tumor, strictures (often GERD), Chagas, Achalasia
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| ____ can be used to assess esophageal varcies | Single-contrast barium esophagram
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| ___ reveals gastric anatomy and adenocarcinoma | Single-contrast barium
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| Linnitus plastica is a finding associated with | gastric adenocarcinoma
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| Where is it normal to have air-fluid levels? | in the colon
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| "string sign" is seen using which imaging modality in Crohn's disease? | Barium studies
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| "sunburts" pattern on a CT is consistent with what diagnosis? | Carcinoid tumor. Strands go out from the carcinoid cells to the mesenteric nodes
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| FAP can be imaged with what modality? | Double contrast barium enema
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| Ulcerative colitis can be viewed using | air-contrast barium enema
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| "apple core" is used to describe a | constricting lesion of colon adenocarcinoma. Can be imaged with double contrast barium enema
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| Study of choice to image diverticulitis | abdomen and pelvis CT
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| Imaging for Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Contrast-enhanced CT can show multiple hypodense nodules representing hepatocellular carcinoma
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| Which is more sensitve for imaging hepatocellular carcinoma? CT or MRI | MRI
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| Advantage of using MRCP in choledocholithiasis | therapeutic, can remove stones
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| Which modality is best when looking at the biliary system? MRI or CT? | MRI. You can subtract the parts that you don't want to see
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| What can be used to tell the difference between a tumor and a stone in the gallbladder? | Shadow (stone)
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| Imaging options for visualizing the pancreas | CT and MRI (contrast on board to highlight the pancreatic parenchyma)
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| Air in the pancreatic bed is indicative of | abscess and/or fistulous communication with bowel
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| Plain radiographs are useful to rule out | free air and obstruction
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| Number 1 cause of acute lower GI bleed | angiodysplasia (70-80%), Diverticular dz (33%)
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| disadvantage of CT in GI bleeds | CT is insensitive to localize the site of bleeding
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| Colonoscopy is the preferred imaging method in | GI bleeds that are hemodynamically stable. Direct visualization and therapeutic options
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| ____ is best suited for identifying slow-bleeding and needs to be done during active bleeding | Tc99m tagged RBC scan
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| _______ is best suited for briskly bleeding and needs to be done during active bleeding | mesenteric angiogram
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