Diazepam
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| GENERIC NAME | Diazepam
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| BRAND NAME | Valium
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| CLASS | Benzodiazepine, sedative hypnotic, anticonvulsant
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| MECHANISM OF ACTION | Potentiates effects of inhibitory neurotransmitters. Raises seizure threshold. Induces amnesia and sedation.
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| INDICATIONS | Acute anxiety states, acute alcohol withdrawal, muscle relaxant, seizure activity, agitation. Analgesia for medical procedures.
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| CONTRAINDICATIONS | Hypersensitivity, glaucoma, coma, shock, substance abuse, head injury
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| ADVERSE REACTIONS | Respiratory depression, hypotension. Drowsiness, ataxia, Reflex tachycardia, nausea, confusion, thrombosis, and phlebitis.
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| NOTES ON ADMINISTRATION | Pregnancy category D. Reduce dose 50% in elderly patients.
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| INCOMPATABILITIES/DRUG INTERACTIONS | Incompatible with most drugs, fluids.
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| DOSE/ROUTE Adult, seizure activity | 5-10mg IV q 10-15 minutes prn. Max dose 30mg.
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| Pediatric, seizure activity | 0.2-0.5mg slowly q 2-5 minutes up to 5mg. max dose 10mg/kg.
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| Pediatric, rectally | 0.5 mg/kg via 2’’ rectal catheter and flush with 2-3ml of air after administration.
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| Adult, cardioversion sedation | 5-15mg IV over 5-10 minutes prior to cardioversion.
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| ONSET OF ACTION | 1-5 minutes
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| PEAK EFFECTS | Minutes
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| DURATION OF ACTION | 20-50 minutes
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| AZ DRUG BOX SUPPLY RANGE | 20mg. Rectal 20mg (optional)
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