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NCFE review list

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Blue Ridge Mountains   Hikers and tourists are attracted to this region that is home to Brasstown Bald and the beginning of the Appalachian Trail  
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Fall Line   area that features a rapid drop in elevation and the point where two regions meet  
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Barrier Islands   protect Georgia's mainland from erosion  
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Chattahoochee River   important source of water for the state that forms part of the border between Georgia and Alabama  
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Okefenokee Swamp   fresh water wetlands that are protected wildlife refuges  
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Paleo Indians   the first humans in Georgia; nomadic hunters and gathers who hunted large game such as wooly mammoth and giant bison  
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Archaic Indians   second oldest Native American culture in Georgia; semi-nomadic hunters who hunted smaller game; credited with developing grooved axes, fish hooks, and pottery  
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Woodland Indians   the third prehistoric Native American culture in Georgia; credited for the development of the bow and arrow, pottery for storage, and intensification of horticulture, as well as building small mounds  
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Mississippian Indians   the last major prehistoric Native American culture in Georgia; known for being large scale farmers, developing copper jewelry and tattoos, and mound builders who traded throughout North America  
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Atlatl   a spear throwing device used perhaps as early as the Paleo Indian period; allowed spears to be thrown faster, further, and more accurately  
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13th Amendment   ended slavery throughout the country  
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14th Amendment   granted citizenship to African-Americans and guaranteed them all the rights protected by the Bill of Rights  
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15th Amendment   guaranteed that no citizen could be denied the right to vote by either the federal government or a state because of the color of their skin  
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bicameral   two houses, two legislative chambers  
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Articles of Confederation   first written constitution of the United States with many weaknesses  
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Compromise   A settlement in which each side gives up some of its demands in order to reach an agreement  
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Mercantilism   the English economic policy focused on exporting more than importing  
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horticulture   science of cultivating plants and trees  
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income   the amount of money a person earns during a year  
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continent   one of the great divisions of land (such as North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, or Antarctica) of the Earth  
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depression   A period when business activity slows, prices and wages fall, and unemployment rises  
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disenfranchisement   creative ways to prevent African Americans from voting  
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Lend-Lease Act (1941)   allowed the U.S. government to send billions of dollars in supplies & military equipment to allied countries in exchange for U.S. rights in their military bases  
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Plessy vs. Ferguson   a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal; "separate but equal"  
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Brown vs. Board of Education   A Supreme Court case ruled in 1954. It reversed Plessy V. Ferguson citing that separation is not equal especially in schools.  
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Jim Crow Laws   Laws that separated people of different races in public places in the south  
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segregation   separation of people based on racial, ethnic, or other differences  
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The New Deal program   name given to a series of federal programs spearheaded by President Franklin Roosevelt in order to help the nation recover from the Great Depression; provided aid and support to many poor Georgians  
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Weak Mayor System   a form of city government where the mayor holds some responsibilities, but the city council holds the majority of the power, duties, and responsibilities  
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Andersonville   Confederate prison that was notorious for being overcrowded and unsanitary (many prisoners died of disease and starvation)  
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Chickamauga   Confederate victory in NW Georgia in which neither side pursued the other to drive out forces from the Confederacy  
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Bourbon Triumvirate   Democratic leaders who dominated Georgia politics in the years following Reconstruction. (They wanted to redeem/help Georgia recover from Reconstruction. They wanted to expand GA. economy and keep many old southern traditions, including white supremacy.)  
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Missouri Compromise   Missouri entered the Union as a slave state, Maine joined as a free state, and slavery would not be allowed north of the 36°30' line of latitude (maintaining the balance of power in Congress)  
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Compromise of 1850   California admitted as a free state, New Mexico and Utah organized as territories, and a Fugitive Slave Act  
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State's Rights   the privileges that states possess to govern themselves without interference from the federal government  
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Dred Scott Case   ruled slaves were property and didn't have the rights of American citizens and declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional because it limited people's rights of ownership  
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Rebecca Latimer Felton   First woman to serve in the US Senate who supported educational reform, the temperance (anit-alcohol) movement, and the sufferage (women's right to vote) movement. She challenged the Bourbon Triumvirate along with her husband.  
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Booker T. Washington   believed that African Americans could advance faster through hard work and accepted social separation  
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Eugene Talmadge   four time Georgia governor that fought against Roosevelt's New Deal policies; appealed to Georgia's farmers for his belief in low taxes and limited government  
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