Neuroradiology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indications for skull radiographs | pre-mri(rule out presence of metal), pre-surgery, metabolic diseases, multiple myeloma
🗑
|
||||
| 80% of head trauma deaths in <2yo | Child Abuse
🗑
|
||||
| Bilateral retinal hemorrhages in a child | Child abuse; shaken baby
🗑
|
||||
| Whatever is bright on X-ray is bright on | CT
🗑
|
||||
| What is brightest on a T2 | T2 fluid is bright (H20)
🗑
|
||||
| What is brightest on a T1? | Fat
🗑
|
||||
| MRI is good for | soft tissue discrimination
🗑
|
||||
| Why would you use a myelography instead of MRI? | can't fit in MRI machine, pacemaker, or other metal. Myelography: contrast injected in subarachnoid space, viewed under fluoroscopy or CT
🗑
|
||||
| CT angiogram and MR angiogram are more commonly used than | Angiography.
🗑
|
||||
| Nuclear imaging basic principle | Radiopharmaceuticals localize in tissue, emit detectable radiation
🗑
|
||||
| Nuclear imaging indications | blood flow (hypermetabolic activity), bony mets, brain activity (alzheimer disease, Parkinson, Epilepsy)
🗑
|
||||
| Caudate is located where? | Draped directly lateral to the ventricles
🗑
|
||||
| Obstructive hydrocephalus | mass causes pressure to block flow of CSF
🗑
|
||||
| Non-obstruction | impaired absorption of the CSF
🗑
|
||||
| modality of choice for a head bleed/trauma | Noncontrast CT
🗑
|
||||
| Most common cause of epidural bleed | damage to the middle meningeal artery
🗑
|
||||
| Cause of subdural hematomas | Venous; bleed will be free-flowing
🗑
|
||||
| In this type of hematoma, there is no where for the blood to go except in and out of the sulci and gyri of the brain | Subarachnoid hematoma. 2 most common causes: trauma, aneurysm hemorrhage. Acceleration/decleration injury
🗑
|
||||
| Worst headache of my life | Subarachnoid hemorrhage. Causes: trauma, ruptured aneurysm, drugs (cocaine and ecstasy can cause: sympatomimetics)
🗑
|
||||
| C1 fx | Jefferson fx
🗑
|
||||
| C2 fx | Hangman's fx
🗑
|
||||
| MOA of Hangman's fx | hyperextension; unstable, right next to the cord
🗑
|
||||
| Ligaments ripping off the spinous process | Clay Shoveler's Fx, commonly C7
🗑
|
||||
| Spondylolysis | defect in pars interarticularis. Look for a collar/lucency around the neck of the scottie dog
🗑
|
||||
| Spondylolisthesis | slipping of vertebrae: concern of compressing the spinal cord or the caudate equina. Spondylolysis can lead to spondylolisthesis
🗑
|
||||
| Most Cerebrovascular Diseases are | Infarction (75%), Hemorrhagic (25%)
🗑
|
||||
| Suprasella Cistern should be what shape? | A star in the center of the brain
🗑
|
||||
| Floating palate, fx maxillary sinus | Le Fort I Facial Fx
🗑
|
||||
| Pyramidal fx, medial orbital and lateral maxilla | Le Fort II facial Fx
🗑
|
||||
| Craniofacial dysjunction, horizontal orbits | Le Fort III facial Fx
🗑
|
||||
| IN an orbital blowout fx, which muscle are you concerned about being entrapped? | inferior rectus muscle (causing vertical diplopia)
🗑
|
||||
| Imaging for nasal bone fx | No imaging needed!! Fingers only. DO look in the nasal cavity for hematoma
🗑
|
||||
| 5 Lines to look for on Spine Radiograph | Prevertebral soft tissue, Anterior vertebral line, Posterior Vertebral Line, Spinal Laminar line, Spinous processes
🗑
|
||||
| Pathophysiology of Cerebrovascular Disease | Cell death --> Na/K pump failure --> influx of Na --> followed by influx of water --> "cytotoxic" edema. On a T2, look for bright spots -- indicative of cytotoxic edema
🗑
|
||||
| Which vessel is stroke most common in? | The MCA has the largest territory in the brain, and thus the MCA is the most common vessel of stroke (2/3 of all cerebral infarcts)
🗑
|
||||
| A pt comes in with a stroke, which imaging modality should you use? | CT first to make sure there is not a bleed.
🗑
|
||||
| Unclear grey:white junction is an early sign of | early sign of stroke
🗑
|
||||
| Which is more sensitive to Stroke: MRI or CT? | MRI. MRI is highly sensitive and can detect stroke earlier
🗑
|
||||
| Which strokes are usually purely sensory or motor and are focal strokes from smaller vessels | lacunar stroke
🗑
|
||||
| Modality of choice for a brain neoplasm | MRI
🗑
|
||||
| ventricles, meninges and skull are considered | extra-axial.
🗑
|
||||
| 40-50% of CNS Neoplasms are | Glial tumors (graded I-IV)
🗑
|
||||
| This type of CNS neoplasm is hormonally active, see in 5th-6th decade and 90% are benign. May increase in pregnancy | Meningioma
🗑
|
||||
| Light-bulb sign on CT is associated with which neoplasm | Meningioma
🗑
|
||||
| Most common site for CNS neoplasm in kids | Posterior Fossa Tumors (brainstem, cerebellum, etc)
🗑
|
||||
| Main organisms causing acute sinusitis | H. flu, S. pneumo, M. Cat (kids). Imaging not needed
🗑
|
||||
| Do you image patients with chronic sinusitis? | NO. Unless they fail maximum tx, preoperative or neoplasm
🗑
|
||||
| Steeple sign is seen in | Croup. B/c croup is an upper airway disease; airway is thinned and peaked
🗑
|
||||
| Imaging for Croup | X-ray
🗑
|
||||
| Thumb print sign is seen in | epiglottitis; low airway sign. Need someone around who is comfortable intubating a ped. Often kids sit in "sniffing position"
🗑
|
||||
| Imaging of Choice in AIDS related CNS infections | MRI. Top OI is Toxoplasmosis. Ring enhancing lesion, which is also seen in lymphoma. Tell the difference with an abx and time
🗑
|
||||
| Imaging of choice for MS | T2 MRI
🗑
|
||||
| Axons and myelin sheaths show up as white matter on T1's b/c they are | fat
🗑
|
||||
| Dawson's fingers are typical in | MS
🗑
|
||||
| What is seen in Huntington's Imaging? | Atrophy of Caudate and Putamen and expansion of the ventricles like a butterfly
🗑
|
||||
| Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus imaging of choice | CT: Ventriculomegaly out of proportion to normal brain atrophy
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
ltm12