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Plate tectonics

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Question
Answer
continental drift   the theory that the continents have drifted slowly over time to their current locations.  
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Pangaea   the giant landmass of 200 million years ago that broke apart; meaning all land  
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sea floor spreading   the 1960 theory of Harry Hess, proposing that hot, less dense material below the earth's crust rises up to th surface at mid-ocean ridges.  
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plate tectonics   theory that staes the Earth's crust and part of the upper mantleare broken into sections.  
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plate   these move on a plastic-like layer of the mantle  
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lithosphere   the crust and the upper mantle  
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asthenosphere   plastic-like layer below the lithosphere  
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convection current   a cycle of heating, rising and cooling within the Earth's interior  
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earthquake   the product of tremendous energy released as rocks break and move apart  
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fault   the surface where a break in rock has occured  
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seismic wave   waves transmitted through the Earth's materials and along it's surface  
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focus   the point inside the Earth where movement first occurs and the energy is released  
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seismograph   an instrument used to record the seismic waves of an earthquake  
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magnitude   the height of lines on a seisomograph; a measure of the energy released by an earthquake.  
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tsunamis   an earthquake that begins on an ocean floor, causing powerful water waves to be produced  
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seismic safe   a building will have this certification if it will stand up to against the vibrations caused by earthquakes  
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volcanoes   rising magma that leads to an eruption, where magma, solids, and gases are spwed from the top.  
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lava   magma as it flows to the top of the earth's surface.  
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shield volcano   broad volcano with gently sloping sides  
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cinder cone volcano   top less than 300 m and forms in groups near other volcanoes  
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composite volcano   steep-sided mountains composed of layers lava and tephra  
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tephra   solidified lava, ash, and cinders  
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rift   long cracks that form between plate boundaries as they separate  
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hot spot   large, hot, rising bodies of magma that rise through the arth's crust and mantle  
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convergent boundary   a place where tectonic plates move towards one another  
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divergent boundary   a place where tectonic plates move away from each other  
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transform boundary   a place where tectonic plates grind past one another  
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Created by: aberndt
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