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Science 8th Chp. 20

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
rotation   an object that spins on its axis  
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revolution   an object that moves around a star  
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Sumerians   thought the earth was flat and they acknowledged celestial movement but attributed it to the gods  
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Ptolemy   made the geocentric model where the earth is in the center of everything with all other objects revolving around us  
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Copernicus   made the heliocentric model where the sun is in the center and earth is just another planet  
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ellipse   squished egg  
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Galileo   used his newly developed telescope and discovered Jupiter's 4 largest moons  
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Tycho Brahe   made accurate observations and records of locations of planets  
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Kepler   used Brahe's data along with his own to show that planets move in ellipses  
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Core (sun)   the central area of the sun where nuclear fusion takes place  
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radiation zone   very tightly packed region-plasma phase- of the sun where energy is transferred mainly in the form of light  
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convection zone   outermost layer of the sun's interior that moves heat towards the surface in a current  
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photosphere   visible surface of the sun  
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chromosphere   usually not visible due to light of the photosphere  
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corona   outermost part of sun's atmosphere/ visible as halo of light during eclipse  
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sunspot   dark areas on the surface of the sun that appear to be burnt out and they always travel in pairs  
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solar prominence   a loop of plasma coming off the surface of the sun gets pulled back in by gravity  
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solar flare   a column of plasma coming from the surface of the sun near a sunspot  
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solar wind   steady stream of electrically charged particles/ where ions enter at the earths poles and the ions change into light which is known as an aurora  
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solar radiation   any form of electromagnetic radiation coming off the sun  
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terrestrial   rocky surface with metal core, magnetic field, and atmospheres  
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greenhouse effect   phenomena where heat enters clouds and gets trapped  
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Io   most volcanic  
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Ganymede   largest moon in solar system  
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Europa   moon that may have life  
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Bode   predicted that there were planets after mars  
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Piazzi   discovered Ceres  
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Ceres   largest asteroid  
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meteoroids   bodies of rock and metal that travel through our solar system  
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meteor   a meteoroid that enters earths atmosphere and is destroyed by friction  
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meteorite   a rare occasion when the meteor hits earths surface  
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comets   dirty snowballs  
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Oort cloud   "comet nursery" beyond the edges of Pluto/ cold( made of dust, rock, and ice)  
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nuclei   frozen mass at the center of a comet  
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coma   outer edges of slush when heat hits the nuclei  
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tail   formed when the solar wind pushes the coma away from the nuclei  
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Goldilocks Conditions   conditions that are optimal to human life  
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Probe   unmanned space explorer  
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shuttle   manned space explorer  
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nuclear fusion   small mass nuclei smash together to form large mass nuclei  
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