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Science flashcard terms

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Marrow   a porous inner core of bones where blood cells are produced  
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Axial Skeleton   the bones that keep the body upright  
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Cranium   the skull  
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Vertebra   the bones of the backbone  
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Appendicular Skeleton   the bones of the appendages and the bones where these attach to the axial skeleton  
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Sternum   the breastbone and the pelvis  
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Pelvis   the ring of bones n the lower torso where the hips attach to the body (consists of 2 hip bones/ each is a coxa)  
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Joints   the places where two or more bones connect  
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Ligaments   the connective tissue that holds joints together  
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Tendons   connective tissue that attach muscles to bones  
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Atrophy   the decrease in size of wasting away of the body tissue  
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Striated   marked by stripes or bands  
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Axon   a long extension of a neuron that transmits messages  
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Brain Stem   the portion of the brain that controls reflexes and involuntary mechanisms such as respiration, heart beat, and swallowing  
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Central Nervous System   the brain and spinal cord  
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Cerebrum   the part of the brain that controls all thought and other voluntary acts and detects sounds, smells, sight, taste, pain, heat, and cold  
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Cerebellum   the part of the rain that keeps track of the position of the body  
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Dendrites   short, branched extensions of a neuron that receive messages from other cells  
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Myelin Sheath   a protective layer of neuroglia covering some axons  
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Neurons   cells that send messages throughout the body in the form of electrical energy  
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Stimulus   anything that effects the activity of an organism  
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Peripheral Nervous System   the nerves and sensory receptors  
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Synapse   a gap between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron  
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Adrenal Glands   glands that produce hormones called adrenaline  
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Glands   organs that secrete hormones and other chemicals  
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Hormones   chemicals that carry information from one part of an organism to another  
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Hormone Receptor Molecules   molecules that fit with hormone molecule and affect cell function  
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Ovaries   glands in the female body that produce the hormones estrogen and progesterone: eggs also develop in the ovaries  
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Pancreas   a gland that produces insulin which regulates the transport of sugar molecules into body cells  
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Parathyroid Glands   glands that produce a hormone to regulate calcium levels in the blood  
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Pineal Body   a gland that produces a hormone that seems to inhibit the development of the reproductive system and plays a role in daily rythems  
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Pituitary Gland   a gland located in the center of the brain that secretes nine hormones  
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Target Tissue   the tissues that respond to specific hormones  
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Testes   glands in the male body that produce testosterone; sperm cells are also produced in the testes  
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Thymus Gland   a gland that produces a hormone important in the development of the immune system  
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Thyroid Gland   a gland that produces a hormone to regulate body metabolism rates  
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Cone Cells   light-sensitive cells used for color vision and fine detail  
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Cornea   a transparent layer of cells through which light can travel into the eye  
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Iris   the colored part of the eye  
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Optic nerve   the nerve that carries electrical impulses from the eye to the brain  
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Papillae   tiny projections on the tongue's surface, which contain taste buds  
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Pupil   the opening in the center of the eye through which light enters  
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Retina   the back lining of the eye, on which visual images are focused  
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Rod Cells   light-sensitive cells used in noncolor vision and low-light situations  
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Tympanic Membrane   the eardrum  
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