| Question |
 |
|
| Answer |
|
|
| what are the two mood disorders? |
unipolar depression and bipolar disorder |
| what is the difference between mania and depression? |
mania is a state of breathless euphoria and depression is a low, sad state |
| what causes major depressive disorder? |
biological predisposition, abnormal levels of norepinephrine and serotonin, abnormal levels of cortisol or melatonin |
| how does the biological perspective treat major depressive disorder? |
antidepressants > maois, tricyclics, and SSRIs and electroconvlusive shock therapy |
| what do MAOIs do? what is the danger? |
break down norepinephrine; dietary restrictions-can cause strokes if eat foods with triamaynes from high BP |
| what do tricyclics do? |
increases NT activity in synapse; increases heartrate so must get regular EEGS |
| SSRIs act on what NT? what are the benefits? |
serotonin; less side effects, no dietary restrictions, less likely to OD |
| how does the psychodynamic perspective view unipolar depression? |
early losses in life set stage; use free association and therapist interpretation |
| how does the behavioral perspective view depression? |
related to rewards received in life; tries to improve social skills |
| how does the cognitive perspective view depression? |
learned helpelessness & negative thinking are causes |
| what are the four interrelated compononents of depression? |
maladaptive attitudes, cognitive triad (self, future, experiences) in negative ways, make errors in thinking, experience automatic thoughts |
| how does the cognitive model treat depression? (beck) |
increasing activities, challenging automatic thoughts, identifying negative thinking, changing primary attitudes |
| what are the criteria for bipolar disorder? |
manic episode > 3 or more symptoms of mania lasting one week or more; history of mania > hypomanic or depression |
| what are emotional, motivational, behavioral, cognitive, and physical symptoms of mania? |
emotions seeking outlet, need for constant excitement/companionship, moving quickly, poor judgment, high energy level |
| what are the two kinds of bipolar disorder? |
bipolar 1 > full manic and depressive episodes and bipolar 2 > hypomanic and depressive episodes-can still function |
| what NTs play a role in depression and mania? |
low serotonin + low norepinephrine = depression; low serotonin + high norepinephrine = mania |
| what role can ions play in bipolar disorder? |
may be improperly transported; fire too easily = mania, resist firing = depression |
| do genetics play a role in bipolar disorder? |
there is a potential link |
| what is the best treatment for bipolar disorder? |
lithium & adjunctive psychotherapy |
| what is the leading cause of death in the world? |
suicide |
| how do suicide rates of men and women differ? |
women are more likely to attempt (3x), men are more likely to be successful (3x) |
| what is suicuide related to? |
marital status, social support |
| how does the suicide rate of white americans compare to african americans? |
suicide rate of white americans is twice as high |
| what are some common predictors of suicide? |
substance abuse, mental health disorder, history of suicide in family |
| which group is most likely to commit suicide and why? |
elderly; illness, loss of control, loss of social support, loss of social status |
| what treatments are used after suicide attempts? |
medical care then psychotherapy and drug treatments |
| what are the therapist's goals for suicidal? |
keep person alive, get to a nonsuicidal state of mind, improve/develop coping skills |
HHS Shrek
