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Positional and Directional Terms

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Term
Definition
Anatomical Position   standing, facing towards you, hands at side, and palms toward you  
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Midsagittal   divides body into equal right and left sides  
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Sagittal   divides body into unequal right and left sides  
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Frontal   divides body into front and back portions  
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Transverse   divides body into upper and lower portions  
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Superior   upper, towards head  
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Inferior   lower, towards feet  
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Ventral   front or belly side  
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Cephalic   towards the head  
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Anterior   towards the front  
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Posterior   towards the back  
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Dorsal   back of body or organ  
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Caudal   towards lower part of body  
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Medial   near the midline  
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Lateral   away from the midline  
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Proximal   near the midline or beginning of a structure  
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Distal   farthest from the midline or beginning of a structure  
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Flexion   to bend or decrease the angle at a joint  
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Extension   to straighten or increase the angle at a joint  
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Abduction   to take away from the midline or body  
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Adduction   to bring back to or add back to the midline or center of the body  
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Supination   palms are up  
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Pronation   palms are down  
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Plantarflexion   to point toes to the floor or stand on tiptoes  
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Dorsiflexion   stand or balance on heels, toes up and off the ground  
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Created by: taylorruth09
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