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| Explain the branches of the Mandibular Nerve V3 of the Trigeminal Nerve? |
1. Nerves for mastication 2. Buccal nn 3. Lingual nn 4. Inferior Alveolar nn (Nn to mylohyoid & mental nn) 5. auriculotemporal nn |
| Where does the Mandibular branch of the Trigeminal Nerve exit the skull? |
the foramen ovale |
| AURICULOTEMPORAL NERVE? (branches from? modality? supplies? association? clinical significance?) |
branches from the mandibular nerve, purely sensory to the external ear, ear canal, and part of tympanic membrane, and part to parotid gland, can be involved in mumps |
| LINGUAL NERVE: (branches from? modality? supplies? association? clinical significance?) |
mandibular nerve, somatic sensory to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, associated with facial nerve in the chorda tympani |
| INFERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE: (branches from? modality? supplies? association? clinical significance?) |
MIXED NERVE from Mandibular Nn (carries somatic motor to the anterior dig, mylohyoid via the Nn to mylohyoid) and sensory to all of the lower teeth & finally sensory to the upper lip and chin via the Mental nn |
| BUCCAL NERVE? (branches from? modality? supplies? association? clinical significance?) |
mandibular nn, purely somatic sensory to cheek inside and out, comes out the highest |
| what nerves from the mandibular nerve can be seen on the superficial face? |
auriculotemporal nerve, buccal, and mental nerves |
| what are the three cartilaginous components of the TMJ? |
cartilage lines the glenoid fossa, the articular joint, and the articular disc |
| The articular disc in the TMJ divides the cavity into 2 cavities, creating a synovial joint. What is the purpose of this? |
this allows the joint to perform 2 functions: gliding movement (UPPER compartment) and hinge movement (LOWER compt) |
| What is the function of the Superior Compartment of the TMJ? |
gliding movement (which is also called translation: protrusion and retrusion) |
| What compt of the TMJ allows for depression and elevation of the jaw? |
the lower compartment of the articular disc |
| what compt of the TMJ allows for protrusion and retrusion of the jaw |
the upper compartment of the articular disc |
| What is the most vulnerable dislocation of the TMJ? |
anterior dislocation by the temporomandibular ligament |
| what limits the jaws dislocation inferiorly (downward)? |
the stylomandibular ligament and the sphenomandibular ligaments |
| what muscles are innervated by the Mandibular Nerve? |
mylohyoid, anterior digastric, muscles of mastication, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini |
| what are the muscles of mastication and what nerve are they inn by? |
the following muscles are inn by the mandibular nerve: temporalis, lateral pterygoid, (sup/inf heads) medial pterygoid, superficial/deep masseter |
| Which muscles of mastication close the jaw? |
Anterior Fibers of the Temporalis, Deep/Superficial Masseter |
| where is the insertion for the temporalis? |
coronoid process of the mandible |
| insertion for masseter, superficial and deep? |
gonial angle |
| what are the deeper muscles of mastication, and their functions? |
the lateral and medial pterygoid; LAT-SUP (articular capsule) INF (opens jaw); MEDIAL PTERY (closes jaw) |
| what closes the jaw? |
anterior temporalis fibers, sup/deep masseter, medial pterygoid |
| what opens the jaw? |
the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid & suprahyoids |
| what keeps the jaw from opening? |
the masseter and the medial pterygoid |
| if a patient has lost the use of their left lateral pterygoid, then what would be the presentation/ formal term diagnosis? |
the jaw would be pointed toward the right; right lateral excursion |
| what is the problem in a left lateral excursion? |
the right lateral pterygoid doesn't function properly, so the functioning left lateral pterygoid pushes the jaw to the rigth |
| the maxillary is a branch of the _____ and gives off what branches? |
(branch of the external carotid artery) giving off the ant tympanic, middle meningeal, inf alveolar, deep temporal, buccal, sphenopalatine/palatine, infraorbital, posterior superior alveolar artery |
| what muscle is helpful in finding the maxillary artery? |
the lateral pterygoid. it normally passes superficial to the muscle, but in 20% of people it travels deep |
| explain the route the maxillary artery travels? |
It comes off the ECA, passing superficial to the lateral pterygoid, gives off branches into the sphenopalatine foramen, but continues to become the infraorbital aa, passing thru some foramen (infraorbital perhaps) |
| what gives off the middle meningeal arteries? |
the maxillary |
| what gives off the sphenopalatine artery, and what does the artery supply? |
the posterior 2/3 of the nasal cavity...given off by the maxilary artery |
| what artery supplies all of the lower teeth, and where does it come from? |
the inferior alveolar artery (maxillary artery) |
| what increases the SA for the attachment of the temporalis muscle (muscle of mastication)? |
the temporalis fascia |
| what is directly below the gonial angle? |
the submandibular gland |
| where does the auriculotemporal nerve traveL? |
out thru the foramen ovale from the mandibular nerve and then descends into the infratemporal fossa to wrap around the backside of the TMJ |
| what is the identifying feature of the Nn to Mylohyoid in the cadaver? |
find the inferior alveolar nerve and find where it branches before entering the mandibular foramen |
| You evaluate a patient. Asking them to open their mouth. Their jaw appears weak on the right side. Which muscles are affected: contralateral or ipsilateral? |
ipsilateral |
| You ask a patient to move their chin to the left, while you apply resistance pressure. They are struggling. This suggests weakness in the (contralateral or ipsilateral) muscles? |
contralateral |
