4th Grade Science
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| mineral | natural, nonliving solid crystal that makes up rocks
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| luster | the way a mineral's surface reflects light
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| Why is the streak test useful? | Mineral colors vary, but a mineral's streak is always the same color
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| sedimentary rock | rock that forms when sediments are cemented together and harden
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| How do freezing and thawing weaken rocks? | Freezing and thawing water causes weathering by making the cracks larger.
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| igneous rock | rock that forms from molten rock
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| What happens when igneous rocks cool very slowly? | large crystals form - granite
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| What happens when igneous rocks cool very quickly? | no time to form crystals - pumice, basalt, obsidian
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| sediment | an earth material that has been moved from one place to another and layed down onthe surface of the earth
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| fossil | remains or marks of a living thing from long ago
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| metamorphic rock | rock that has changed as a result of heating and pressure
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| what happens when heat or pressure is applied to sedimentary or igneous rock | it becomes metamorphic rock
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| weathering | a gradual wearing away or changing of rock and soil caused by water, ice, temperature changes, wind, chemicals or living things.
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| erosion | the movng of pieces of soil or rock by mechanisms including gravity, wind, water, ice or plants or animals.
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| limestone changes to | marble
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| shale changes to | slate
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| granite | gness
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| talc | 1 on the moh's scale
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| diamond | 10 on the moh's scale
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| Moh's scale | measures the hardness of a mineral. Minerals are ranked 1 to 10 and 10 is the hardst
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| How do scientists identify minerals? | Color, luster, streak, hardness and cleavage
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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