Ch. 13 (Quiz 3)
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| Henry's Law | the mass of a gas that dissolves in a fluid at a given temp varies in direct proportion to the pressure of the gas over the liquid
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| 2 factors that affect the rate of gas diffusion into a fluid: | 1) the pressure differential between the gas above the fluid and the gas dissolved in the fluid2)the solubility of the gas
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| 2 factors that impair gas transfer capacity at the pulmonary-capillary membrane in pulmonary disease: | 1) buildup of a pollutant layer that thickens the alveolar membrane2) reduction in alveolar surface area
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| 2 ways that blood carries oxygen: | 1) in physical dilution dissolved in the fluid portion of blood2) loose combo with hemoglobin
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| cooperative binding | union of oxygen with hemoglobin
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| oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve | illustrates the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen at various PO2 values
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| volume percent | blood's oxygen content
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| oxygen transport cascade | illustration that shows the oxygen partial pressure as oxygen moves from ambient air at sea level to the mitochondria of maximally active muscle tissue (pg. 284)
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| arteriovenous oxygen difference | difference in the oxygen content of arterial blood and mixed venous blood
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| Bohr effect | shifts in the dissociation curves of oxyhemoglobin due to any increase in plasma acidity and temp (curve shifts down and to the right...pg. 286)
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| 3 ways that blood carries carbon dioxide: | 1) in physical solution in plasma (small amount)2) combined with hemoglobin in red blood cells3) as plasma bicarbonate
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| carbonic anhydrase | a zinc-containing enzyme in the red blood cell that accelerates the union of CO2 and water (pg. 291)
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| chloride shift | increases the Cl content of erythrocytes in venous blood more than in arterial red blood cells
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| carbamino compounds | form when carbon dioxide reacts with amino acids in blood proteins
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| Haldane effect | interaction between oxygen loading and carbon dioxide release that facilitates carbon dioxide removal in lung (pg. 292)
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