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Chapter 10 Vocabulary: Thermochemistry

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Question
Answer
Calorie   The quantity of heat raises the temperature of 1 g of pure water.  
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Calorimeter   An apparatus for measuring heat changes.  
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Calorimetry   The measurement of heat changes.  
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Chemical Potential Energy   Energy stored within the structural units of units of chemical substances.  
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Energy   The capacity for doing work; it exists in several forms, including chemical, nuclear, electrical, radiant, mechanical, and thermal energies.  
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Endothermic Process   Heat absorbing process.  
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Exothermic Process   A heating dissipating process.  
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Enthalpy   The amount of heat that a substance has at a given temperature and pressure.  
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Heat   The energy that is transferred from one body to another because of a temperature difference.  
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Heat Capacity   The quantity of heat required to change an object's temperature by exactly 1 degree of C.  
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Heat of Combustion   The heat absorbed or released during a chemical reaction in which one mole of a substance is completely burned.  
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Heat of Reaction   The heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction; equivalent to H, the change in enthalpy.  
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Hess's Law of Heat Summation   In going from a particular set of reactants to a particular sec of products, the enthalpy change is the same whether the reaction takes place or in a series of steps.  
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Joule   The SI unit of energy; 4.184 joules equal 1.000 calorie.  
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Law of Conservation of Energy   Energy is neither created or destroyed in an ordinary chemical or physical process.  
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Molar Heat of Fusion   The energy, in kilojoules, required to melt one mole of a solid.  
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Molar Heat of Vaporation   The energy, in kilojoules, required to vaporize one mole of a liquid.  
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Specific Heat Capacity   The amount of heat it takes to raise the temperature of 1g of the substance 1 degree C and is measured in J/(g x 6 degrees C)  
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Standard Heat of Formation   The change in enthalpy (H) for a reaction in which one mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements.  
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Surroundings   The remainder of the universe that is outside the system.  
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System   Any part of the universe that attention is focused on.  
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Thermochemical Equation   A chemical equation that includes the amount of heat produced or absorbed during the reaction.  
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Thermochemistry   The study of heat changes in chemical reactions.  
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Universe   The totality of all existing things.  
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