Gappa Earth: Chapter 2 - Minerals
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| a rock with a definite chemical composition, is inorganic, is naturally occurring, has a crystal system and is solid | Mineral
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| comes from something that has never lived | inorganic
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| the way a mineral reflects light from its surface. | luster
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| a substance in which two or more types of atoms are chemically joined | compound
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| a substance that has is made up of all the same type of atoms | element
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| a scale ranking ten minerals from softest to hardest; used in testing the hardness of minerals | Mohs Hardness Scale
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| splits easily along flat surfaces | cleavage
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| describes how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way | fracture
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| material that came from an organism that was once living | organic
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| What rating does a diamond have on the Mohs Hardness Scale? | 10
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| What are the two ways minerals form? | crystallization of melted materials and materials dissolved in water
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| Why can't color alone be used to identify a mineral? | many minerals have the same color and the streak can help tell them apart
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| The words metallic, shiny and glassy can be used to describe a mineral's __________. | luster
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| The words cubic, tetragonal or hexagonal would be used to describe a mineral's _____________ ___________. | crystal system
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| What is equation for density? | mass divided by volume
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| If a mineral's cyrstals are small, then it cooled ________________. | quickly
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| If a mineral's crystals are large, then it cooled ________________. | slowly
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| It is necessary to add another substance to the ore at the beginning of the smelting process because it helps the useful material _____________ from the ore. | separate
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| What are the three types of mines? | open pit, strip, shaft
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| one who searches for ore deposits | prospectors
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| formed when two or more metals are combined to form a stronger metal | alloys
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| Alloys are useful because they are ___________ then the individual metals. | stronger
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| ability of a mineral to glow under ultraviolet light | fluorescence
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| a mineral's powder that is left behind when dragging the mineral on a piece of tile | streak
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| How would you find the volume of a rock? | 1. Fill a graduated cylinder.
2. Place the rock in the cylinder.
3. Record how many mL the water moved up.
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| Why do you have to use a graduated cylinder to find the volume of a rock? | because it has an irregular shape and you can't use a math formula
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| What is the math formula for volume? | length x width x height
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| How would you find the volume of a shoe box? | use the formula, length x width x height
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| When using a triple beam balance, in which order to you use the weights? | First - largest weight; Second - medium weight; Third - smallest weight
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| When using a triple beam balance, what do you do when the beam falls all the way down? | move the weight back one spot
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| What are the five characteristics necessary for a substance to be a mineral? | definite chemical composition, inorganic, naturally occuring, crystal pattern, solid
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| What test would you use to determine the hardness of a mineral? | scratch test
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| How would you determine the streak of a mineral? | drag the mineral across a porceline tile
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| Talc is the softest mineral. What would its hardness be on the Mohs Hardness Scale? | 1
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| A diamond is the hardest mineral. What would its hardness be on the Mohs Hardness Scale? | 10
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