basic geographic models and concepts

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Environmental Determinism (cultural change theories)

belief that physical environment is solely responsible for shaping human actions and behaviors

Possibilism (cultural change theories)

belief that ppl and not environment are the forces responsible for shaping culture

Rostow model (economic development models)

-1950's gauge of economic development based on WESTERN pt. of view...contains 6 stages of development... -Traditional societies -Preconditions for takeoff -Takeoff -Drive to maturity -Age of high Mass consumption -Post industrial (theoretical/debati

World systems model

-1970' : looks at economic development based on relationships b/t countries -core: consists of economically dominant partners -sub-periphery and periphery = less dominant and typically contain more basic level employment...they're reliant upon core

Primary sectors

agricultural and extractive activities-relied upon by many developing nations.

Secondary sectors

processing activities-manufacturing, construction and power production. Many developing nations support secondary activities w/ lower labor costs than developed countries

Tertiary sectors

service activities...many developed countries' economies are dominated by tertiary sector jobs

Quaternary sectors

informational activities

Quinary sectors

new theoretical sector w/in quaternary sector of high level management jobs

Gravity model

H. Carey---laws: large cities have greater drawing power for ppl than smaller cities -breaking pt.- ppl will not be drawn to city to meet their needs

Distance decay

describes decline of attractive pull something has with increasing distance from pt. of origin.

Central place theory

W. Christaller-1930's: central place =market center used for an exchange of goods and services. (ppl attracted to CBD from surrounding area)

Central place theory...

larger settlements are fewer and farther apart; they exist to provide greater variety of services and specialized goods (EX: museums and symphonies) that ppl are willing to travel greater distance for.

Threshold

minimum # of ppl needed to support procut or activity

range

distance ppl are willing to travel for product of activity