Urogenital Development
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| Both the urinary system and genital system develop from what mesoderm on the posterior abdominal wall? | Intermediate mesoderm
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| What are the three kidney systems that develop during intrauterine life? | Pronephros, mesonephros and metanephros
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| The pronephros develops and regresses when? | 4th week (rudimentary and nonfunctional)
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| Mesonephros and mesonephric ducts develop from where? | The upper thoracic to the upper lumbar region
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| Mesonephros develops when? | As the pronephros begins to regress
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| Mesonephros excretory tubules appear as S-shaped loops that acquire glomeruli and form what? | Renal corpuscles at the medial extent
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| Laterally, the mesonephros tubules enters what? | Longitudinal collecting duct (mesonephric or Wolffian duct)
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| In the middle of the second month the developing gonad is located where? | On the medial side of the mesonephros
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| By the end of the second month most of the excretory tube has what? | Degenerated
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| In males, a few caudal tubules and the mesonephric duct persists and becomes what? | Becomes part of the genital system.
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| The metanephros appears when? | 5th week
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| Excretory units of the metanephros develops from what? | Metanephric mesoderm
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| The collecting duct develops from what? | Ureteric bud (an outgrowth of the mesonephric duct near the cloaca)
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| 1st generation of tubules in the metanephros forms what? | Major calyces
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| 2nd generation of tubules in the metanephros kidney does what? | Absorbs the 3rd and 4th generations forming the minor calyces.
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| Subsequent generations of tubules from the metanephros does what? | Elongate forming the renal pelvis
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| Ureteric bud gives rise to what other structures? | Ureter, renal pelvis, major and minor calyces, and all the collecting ducts and tubules.
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| Metanephric tissue covering the collecting tubules is induced to form epithelial structures called what? | Renal vesicles
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| Renal vesicles form what? | Tubular structures (capillaries grow into the pocket at one end and differentiates into the glomeruli)
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| The glomerulus and tubule epithelium form what? | Renal corpuscles at one end of the tubule. The other end connects with collecting tubule.
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| Continued growth of the tubule forms what? | Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle and the distal convoluted tubule
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| The excretory units, the nephrons, are derived from what? | Metanephric mesoderm
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| Nephrons form until when? | Birth
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| Urine production begins when? | Week 12
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| Congenital polycystic kidney disease of autosomal recessive affects what structure? | Collecting duct
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| Congenital polycystic kidney disease of autosomal dominant affects what structure? | All segments of the nephron
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| Kidneys form where during development? | Pelvis, then ascend to the higher position in the abdomen
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| Problems involving kidney ascent is related to what? | The kidney fitting through the fork of the umbilical arteries
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| A horseshoe kidney has what dysfunction? | Fused lower poles (gets caught on the inferior mesenteric artery)
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| During the 4th-7th week the cloaca divides into what 2 structures? | Urogenital sinus (anteriorly) and the anal canal (posteriorly)
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| The tip of the urorectal septum that divides the cloaca forms what? | The perineal body
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| What are the three parts of the urogenital sinus? | Urinary bladder, pelvic part and phallic part
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| The upper largest part of the urogenital sinus, initially continuous with the allantois is called what? | Urinary bladder
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| When the allantois obliterates it forms a fibrous cord that connects what 2 structures? | Apex of the bladder to the umbilicus
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| During differentiation of the cloaca, the distal portions of the mesophrenic ducts are incorporated where? | Urinary bladder
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| The distal portions of the mesophrenic ducts are incorporated in the area called what? | Trigone area
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| Result of the trigone area is what? | The ureters are separated and enter the bladder seperately.
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| The new mesonephric duct segments become what? | Ejaculatory ducts
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| The pelvic part of the urogenital sinus gives rise to what? | Prostatic and membranous parts of the urethra in males
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| The phallic part will form what in males? | Penile urethra
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| Ath the end of the 3rd month, the epithelium of the prostatic urethra begins to proliferate and forms outgrowths that form what? | Prostate gland (males) and urethral and paraurethral glands (females)
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Created by:
shuckybean