(Ch. 1-6) TEST Review Activity
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| Living thing | Organism
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| Smallest unit of organisms that carry on life functions | Cell
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| Changes that living things undergo as they grow | Development
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| Anything an organisms reacts to | Stimulus
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| Reaction of an organisms to a stimulus | Response
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| Characteristic of an organism that helps it to survive in its environment | Adaptation
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| Organized problem-solving procedure in science | Scientific Method
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| What is being tested in an experiment | Variable
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| Standard used to compare with the outcome of a test | Control
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| The maintenance of steady conditions inside an organisms | Homeostasis
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| Babies laughing at four months is an example of | Development
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| An organisms ability to maintain a steady condition is called | Homeostasis
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| Adaptations in organisms are __________ from parents | Inherited
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| Food-making process in plants | Photosynthesis
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| Living things are made up of ____% water | 70
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| The belief that living things come from nonliving things is called | Spontaneous Generation
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| The doctor who showed that maggots hatch from eggs that flies lay on meat, and not from the meat itself | Redi
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| He designed an experiment to show that tiny organisms come from other tiny organisms int he air | Spallanzani
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| Theory that living things come from only living things | Biogenesis
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| Evidence suggests that life was formed about __________ ago | 3.5 billion years
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| His experiment showed that substances present in living things could be made from nonliving things in the environment | Miller
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| A _________ is a prediction that can be tested | Hypothesis
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| A ___________ is an explanation of things or events based on many observations | Theory
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| The SI unit of mass is the __________ | Kilogram
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| Living organisms need the following three things in order to survive: Oxygen, Water, and _________ | Minerals
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| The four criteria that an organism must meet in order to be considered "alive" are: Perform functions, ____________, respond/adjust to environment, and grow/develop | Reproduce
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| The step that comes after the 'hypothesis' in the scientific method is... | Experiment
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| The step that comes after the 'research' in the scientific method is... | Hypothesis
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| The step that comes after the 'ask a question' in the scientific method is... | Research
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| Microscopic particles made up of either DNA or RNA core covered by a protein coat | Virus
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| Microscope that uses an objective lens and an eyepiece lens to magnify objects | Compound Microscope
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| Allows materials to move into and out of the cell | Cell Membrane
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| Directs all the cell activities | Nucleus
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| Disease that allows the body to be attacked by many organisms that cause disease | AIDS
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| Digests wastes inside the cell | Lysosomes
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| Generates energy for the cell | Mitochondria
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| Smallest unit that carries out the activities of life in organisms | Cell
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| Moves materials around inside of cell | Endoplasmic Reticulum
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| Protects and supports the plant cell | Cell Wall
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| The cell of an organism upon which a virus depends is a(n) | Host Cell
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| Enclosing helpful DNA in a virus and allowing it to move into defective cells to help in the treatment of disorders is a form of | Gene Therapy
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| A _______________ enters a cell and becomes part of the cell's DNA without destroying the cell or replicating itself | Latent Virus
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| A solution made from dead viruses that is used to prevent viral diseases is a | Vaccine
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| _________ is a virus that attacks the body's immune system | HIV
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| Only dead cells can be observed in a __________ (TEM) | Transmission Electron Microscope
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| The scientist who conlcuded that all animals were made of cells was | Schwann
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| The cell theory is based on the discoveries of Schleiden, Schwann, and _________ | Virchow
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| Proteins are made in structures called | Ribosomes
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| The __________ is a gel like substance inside the cell membrane | Cytoplasm
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| Cells in a particular organisms all ___________ with one another | Interact
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| Groups of similar tissues that work together to perform the same job are called | Organs
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| Structures that store food, water, and waste products in plant cells are | Vacuoles
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| The cell structures that package and secrete substances are | Golgi bodies
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| The material that contains the genetic blueprints of the cell is | Chromatin
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| Microscope that uses light to magnify and two lenses | Compound Microscope
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| Microscope that uses a magnetic field; used to view living cells | Scanning Electron Microscope
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| Microscope that uses light to magnify and one lens | Simple Microscope
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| Made the first compound microscope | Jansen
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| Named the "little boxes" he viewed, of cork underneath the microscope, cells | Hooke
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| Three ways all cells are alike: Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, and ____________ | Nucleus
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| Two things that plant cells have that animal cells do not: Cell walls and _________ | Chloroplasts
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| The total of all activities of an organism | Metabolism
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| Organisms that make their own food | Producers
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| Organic material from plants or animals that is used as fuel | Biomass
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| Mixture of gases that can be stored and transported like natural gas | Biogas
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| Speed up chemical reactions in cells | Enzymes
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| Compound that contains carbon | Organic Compound
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| Movement of molecules without the use of energy | Passive Transport
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| Movement of molecules from an area where there are many to an area where there are few | Diffusion
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| Passive transport of water | Osmosis
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| Mixture of gasoline and alcohol | Gasohol
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| An atom nucleus contains protons and _________ | Neutrons
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| Bacteria are taken into cells by ________ | Endocytosis
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| A chemical formula shows the kind and number of atoms that form a | Compound
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| Organic compounds in the chromosomes are | Nucleic Acids
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| In a _________ substances mix evenly with other substances | Solution
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| Organic compounds are compounds that contain | Carbon
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| _________ are organic compounds made of sugar molecules joined together | Carbohydrates
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| _________ are organic compounds that store energy | Lipids
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| The function of the selectively permeable cell ______ is to allow some things to pass through it, but not others | Membrane
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| If the movement of molecules requires energy it is | Active Transport
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| The movement of large molecules through the cell membrane out of the cell is called | Exocytosis
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| Producers use light energy to make | Glucose
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| ___________ are organisms that can't make their own food | Consumers
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| _________ is a process that releases energy when oxygen is insufficient | Fermentation
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| Particle with a negative charge | Electron
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| Particle with a positive charge | Proton
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| Salt and water mixture is an example of a | Solution
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| Blood is an example of a | Suspension
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| Dispersal of an air freshener throughout a room | Diffusion
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| Movement of minerals into plant root cells | Active Transport
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| Plant that uses chlorophyll to make it's own food is an example of being a | Producer
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| An activity that happens within the mitochondria | Cellular Respiration
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| Formation of two nuclei with identical chromosomes | Mitosis
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| Reproduction in which a new organisms is produced when sex cells from two parents combine | Sexual Reproduction
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| Controls cell activity with coded instructions | DNA
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| The joining of an egg and sperm | Fertilization
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| Segment of DNA controlling production of one protein | Gene
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| A nucleic acid which carries the code for making proteins from the nucleus to the ribosomes | RNA
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| Any permanent change in genetic material of a cell | Mutation
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| Most of the life of any cell is spent in a period of cell growth and development called | Interphase
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| Each human skin cell has ____ pairs of chromosomes | 23
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| Yeast reproduced by | Budding
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| In _____ a new organisms grows from just a part of the parent organism | Regeneration
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| Human gametes (sex cells) have _________ individual chromosomes | 23
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| The number of chromosomes in a sex cell of an organism is its _______ (haploid/diploid)chromosome number | Haploid
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| Meiosis consists of _________ division(s) of the nucleus | Two
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| At the end of meiosis, _________ cells are produced | Four
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| In DNA, adenine always pairs with ______ | Thymine
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| Proteins are made of units of _______ linked together in a specific order | Amino Acids
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| The code for making proteins is carried to the ribosomes by _______ | RNA
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| Asexual reproduction involves (one/two) parents | One
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| Budding, ________, and regeneration are methods of asexual reproduction | Fission
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| Passing of traits from one generation to another | Heredity
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| Different forms of the same gene | Alleles
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| Study of how alleles affect offspring | Genetics
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| An allele inherited on a sex chromosome | Sex-linked Gene
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| A trait that is hidden | Recessive
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| The chance that an event will take place | Probability
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| Genetic makeup of an organism | Genotype
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| Organism with two alleles that are the same | Homozygous
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| Physical appearance resulting from genotype | Phenotype
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| Both alleles are expressed in offspring | Incomplete Dominance
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| More than one set of genes controls a trait | Multiple alleles
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| Chart showing the location of genes on each chromosome | Genome
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| In a punnett square, a capital letter (T) stands for a __________ allele | Dominant
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| The combination of (Tt) represents a ______ genotype | Heterozygous
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| Blood type is an example of a characteristic controlled by | Multiple Alleles
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| Hemophilia results from an allele that is on the ________ chromosome | X
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| Genetic engineering has already helped people by _______ _______ | Producing Medicine
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