CTC Gastrointestinal Vocab
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| abdominal distention | abdomen is enlarged and bloated do to gas accumulation
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| bile | fluid that aids in digestion
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| bolus | chewed up pieces of food ready to be swallowed
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| cholecystectomy | surgery to remove the gallbladder and stones
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| cholecystitis | inflammation of the gallbladder
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| cholelithiasis | formation of stones in the gallbladder
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| chyme | semi-liquid food as it leaves the stomach
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| colon | large intestine
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| colostomy | a surgical operation that creates an opening from the colon to the surface of the body to function as an anus
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| constipation | difficulty passing BMs
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| diarrhea | multiple watery stools
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| duodenal ulcer | ulcer on the mucosa of the duodenum due to gastric juices
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| duodenal resection | surgical removal of part of the duodenum
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| enema | 1
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| fecal impaction | most serious form of constipation, stool is very hard and dry, pt unable to pass it
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| fecal material | BM, solid body waste
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| flatus | gas
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| gastrectomy | 1
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| gastric resection | surgical removal of part of the stomach
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| gastric ulcer | erosion of the lining of the stomach
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| gastroscopy | surgical removal of part of the stomach
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| hernia | when intestine pushes through a weakened area of the walls that surrounds it
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| herniorrhaphy | surgery for a hernia
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| hydrochloric acid (HCI) | acid produced by the stomach
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| ileostomy | like a colostomy, but incision is in the ileum (small intestine)
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| incarcerated (strangulated) hernia | abnormal constriction of part of the intestinal tract that has herniated
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| nasogastric tube (NG tube) | soft rubber or plastic tube inserted through nose into stomach for drainage
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| occult blood | hidden blood, cannot be seen by the naked eye
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| pepsin | gastric juice in stomach which breaks food down
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| peristalsis | wavelike muscle contractions of the alimentary tract that moves food along
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| proctoscopy | inspection of the rectum using a proctoscope
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| pyloric sphincter | muscle at exit of stomach (at the pyloris) before the small intestine
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| sigmoidoscopy | 1
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| stool | bowel movement (BM)
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| suppository | 1
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| ulcer | sore or tissue breakdown
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| ulcerative colitis | inflammation of the colon resulting in the formation of ulcers
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| urgency | the need to urinate (pee)
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| defecation | bowel movement(BM)
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