Chapter 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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apex | tip of a conical structure
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body(corporis) | largest, most important part of an organ
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fornix | any vault-like or arched structure
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fundus | base or deepest part of a hollow organ that is farthest from the mouth of the organ (fundi)
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hilum | recess, exit, or entrance of a duct into a gland
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lumen | the space within an artery, vein, intestine, or tube
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sinus | a cavity or channel in a bone, a dilated channel for blood, or a cavity that permits the escape of pus material
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vestibule | a small space or cavity at the beginning of a canal
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musculoskeletal sys. | support, movement, protection
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integumentary sys. | cover, protection
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gastrointestinal sys. | nutrition
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urinary sys. | elimination of nitrogenous waste
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reproductive sys. | reproduction
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blood/lymphatic/immune sys. | transportation of nutrients/waste, protection
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cardiovascular sys. | transportation of blood
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respiratory sys. | delivers oxygen to cells and removes carbon dioxide
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nervous/behavioral sys. | receive/process information
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special senses (eye, ear) | information gathering
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endocrine sys. | chemical messengers
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hemo/o, hemat/o | blood
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oste/o, osse/o | bone
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lys/o | breakdown/dissolve
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cyt/o, cellul/o | cell
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epitheli/o | epithelium
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adip/o | fat
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cardi/o | heart
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myocardi/o | heart muscle
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chym/o | juice
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my/o, muscul/o | muscle
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neur/o | nerve
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thel/o | nipple
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kary/o, nucle/o | nucleus
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organ/o, viscer/o | organ, viscera
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home/o | same
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strom/o | stroma
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system/o | system
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bol/o | to throw, throwing
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hist/o | tissue
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abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o | abdomen
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dors/o | back
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chondr/o | cartilage
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crani/o | cranium, skull
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diaphragmat/o, diaphragm/o, phren/o | diaphragm
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front/o, ventr/o | front
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inguin/o | groin
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ile/o, ili/o | ilium
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lumb/o | lower back
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mediastin/o | mediastinum
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viscer/o, organ/o | organ
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pelv/i, pelv/o | pelvis
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peritone/o | peritoneum
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pleur/o | pleura
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spin/o | spine
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stern/o | sternum
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gastr/o | stomach
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thorac/o | chest
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umbilic/o, omphal/o | umbilicus (navel)
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vertebr/o | vertebra
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pariet/o | wall
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ana- | up, apart, away
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cata- | down
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en- | in
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endo- | within
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epi | above, upon
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meta- | beyond, change
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para- | near, beside, normal
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-al, -ous | pertaining to
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-ia, -ism | condition, state of
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-on | structure
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-plasm | formation
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-some | body
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-stasis | controlling, stopping
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-um, -us | structure
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buccal | pertaining to the cheek
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cephalic | pertaining to the head
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cervical | pertaining to the neck
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cranial | pertaining to the skull
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facial | pertaining to the face
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frontal | pertaining to the front or forehead
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mental | pertaining to the chin
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nasal | pertaining to the nose
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ocular | pertaining to the eye
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oral | pertaining to the mouth
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otic | pertaining to the ear
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abdominal | pertaining to the abdomen
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axillary | pertaining to the armpits
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coxal | pertaining to the hip
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deltoid | pertaining to the deltoid muscle
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inguinal | pertaining to the groin
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mammary | pertaining to the breasts
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pelvic | pertaining to the pelvis
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pubic | pertaining to the pubis
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sternal | pertaining to the breastbone
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thoracic | pertaining to the chest
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umbilical | pertaining to the umbilicus (navel)
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antecubital | pertaining to the front of elbow
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brachial | pertaining to the arm
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antebrachial | pertaining to the forearm
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carpal | pertaining to the wrist
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crural | pertaining to the leg
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digital | pertaining to the fingers/toes
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femoral | pertaining to the thigh
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manual | pertaining to the hand
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palmar | pertaining to the palm
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patellar | pertaining to the kneecap
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pedal | pertaining to the foot
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plantar | pertaining to the sole of the foot
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tarsal | pertaining to the ankle
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acromial | pertaining to the acromion
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dorsal | pertaining to the back
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gluteal | pertaining to the buttocks
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lumbar | pertaining to the lower back
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nuchal | pertaining to the neck
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olecranla | pertaining to the elbow
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perineal | pertaining to the perineum
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popliteal | pertaining to the back of the knee
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sacral | pertaining to the sacrum
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scapular | pertaining to the scapula
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sural | pertaining to the calf
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vertebral | pertaining to the spine
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anterior | front
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ventral | belly/front side
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posterior | back
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dorsal | back of body
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superior | upward
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cephalad | toward the head
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inferior | downward
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caudad | toward the tail
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medial | middle, midline
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lateral | side
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ipsilateral | same side
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contralateral | opposite side
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unilateral | one side
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bilateral | two sides
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superficial | on the surface of the body (external)
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deep | away from the surface of the body (internal)
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proximal | near the origin
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distal | far from the origin
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dextrad | toward the right
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sinistrad | toward the left
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afferent | carrying toward a structure
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efferent | carrying away from a structure
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supine | lying on one's back
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prone | lying on one's belly
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epi- | above, upon
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hyper- | excessive, above
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hypo- | deficient, below
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mid- | middle
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trans- | through, across
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ant | anterior
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AP | anteroposterior
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CT | computed tomography
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inf | inferior
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lat | lateral
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LLQ | left lower quadrant
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LUQ | left upper quadrant
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MRI | magnetic resonance imaging
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PA | posteroanterior
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PET | positron emission tomography
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pos | posterior
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RLQ | right lower quadrant
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RUQ | right upper quadrant
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sup | superior
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midsaggital plane | separates the body into equal right and left halves
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frontal (coronal) plane | separates the body into front and back
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transverse (cross-section) plane | separates the body horizontally into upper part and lower part
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oblique plane | separates the body at a slanted angle
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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