Vocabulary for the Ecology unit test
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| autotrophs | organisms that make their own food; another name for producers
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| heterotrophs | organisms that cannot make their own food; another name for consumers
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| homeostasis | the process by which an organism’s internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external environment
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| ecosystem | all of the living and nonliving things that interact in an area
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| habitat | the place where an organism lives and that provides the things the organism needs
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| biotic | living part of an ecosystem
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| abiotic | nonliving part of an ecosystem
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| community | all of the different populations that live together in an area
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| population | all of the members of one species in a particular area
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| ecology | the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment
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| limiting factor | an environmental factor that prevents a population from increasing
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| carrying capacity | the largest population that an area can support
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| niche | an organism’s particular role in an ecosystem, or how it makes its living
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| competition | the struggle between organisms for limited resources in a habitat
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| predation | an interaction in which one organism hunts and kills another organism for food
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| prey | an animal that a predator feeds upon
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| symbiosis | a close relationship between two organisms in which at least one organism benefits
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| mutualism | a type of symbiosis in which both organisms benefit
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| commensalism | a type of symbiosis in which one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
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| parasitism | a symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives in or on another and harms it
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| parasite | an organism that lives in or on a host and causes harm to the host
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| host | an organism that provides a source of energy or a suitable environment for another organism to live
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| producer | an organism that can make its own food; another name for autotroph
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| consumer | an organism that cannot make its own food; another name for heterotroph
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| herbivore | an animal that eats only plants
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| carnivore | an animal that eats only other animals
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| omnivore | an animal that eats both plants and other animals
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| scavenger | a carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead animals
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| decomposer | an organism that breaks down large chemicals from dead organisms into small chemicals and returns important materials to the soil and water
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| food chain | a series of events in which one organism eats another
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| food web | the pattern of overlapping food chains in an ecosystem
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| energy pyramid | a diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web.
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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