Linux Bash Commands
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| ls | directory listing | ||||
| ls -al | formatted listing with hidden files | ||||
| cd dir | change directory to dir | ||||
| cd - | change to home | ||||
| pwd | show current directory | ||||
| mkdir dir | create a directory dir | ||||
| rm file | delete file | ||||
| rm -r dir | delete directory dir | ||||
| rm -f file | force remove file | ||||
| rm -rf dir | force remove directory dir * | ||||
| cp file1 file2 | copy file1 to file2 | ||||
| cp -r dir1 dir2 | copy dir1 to dir2; create dir2 if it doesn't exist | ||||
| mv file1 file2 | rename or move file1 to file2 if file2 is an existing directory, moves file1 into directory file2 | ||||
| ln -s file link | create symbolic link link to file | ||||
| touch file | create or update file | ||||
| cat > file | places standard input into file | ||||
| more file | output the contents of file | ||||
| head file | output the first 10 lines of file | ||||
| tail file | output the last 10 lines of file | ||||
| tail -f file | output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines Process Management | ||||
| ps | display your currently active processes | ||||
| top | display all running processes | ||||
| kill pid | kill process id pid | ||||
| killall proc | kill all processes named proc * | ||||
| bg | lists stopped or background jobs; resume a stopped job in the background | ||||
| fg | brings the most recent job to foreground | ||||
| fg n | brings job n to the foreground File Permissions | ||||
| chmod octal file | change the permissions of fileto octal, which can be found separately for user,group, and world by adding:● 4 – read (r)● 2 – write (w)● 1 – execute (x)Examples:chmod 777 – read, write, execute for allchmod 755 – rwx for owner, rx for group and world | ||||
| ssh user@host | connect to host as user | ||||
| ssh -p port user@host | connect to host on port port as user | ||||
| ssh-copy-id user@host | add your key to host for user to enable a keyed or passwordless login | ||||
| grep pattern files | search for pattern in files | ||||
| grep -r pattern dir | search recursively for pattern in dir | ||||
| command | grep pattern | search for pattern in the output of command | ||||
| locate file | find all instances of file | ||||
| date | show the current date and time | ||||
| cal | show this month's calendar | ||||
| uptime | show current uptime | ||||
| w | display who is online | ||||
| whoami | who you are logged in as | ||||
| finger user | display information about user | ||||
| uname -a | show kernel information | ||||
| cat /proc/cpuinfo | cpu information | ||||
| cat /proc/meminfo | memory information | ||||
| man command | show the manual for command | ||||
| df | show disk usage | ||||
| du | show directory space usage | ||||
| free | show memory and swap usage | ||||
| whereis app | show possible locations of app | ||||
| which app | show which app will be run by default Compression | ||||
| tar cf file.tar files | create a tar named file.tar containing files | ||||
| tar xf file.tar | extract the files from file.tar | ||||
| tar czf file.tar.gz files | create a tar with Gzip compression | ||||
| tar xzf file.tar.gz | extract a tar using Gzip | ||||
| tar cjf file.tar.bz2 | create a tar with Bzip2 compression | ||||
| tar xjf file.tar.bz2 | extract a tar using Bzip2 | ||||
| gzip file | compresses file and renames it to file.gz | ||||
| gzip -d file.gz | decompresses file.gz back to file | ||||
| ping host | ping host and output results | ||||
| whois domain | get whois information for domain | ||||
| dig domain | get DNS information for domain | ||||
| dig -x host | reverse lookup host | ||||
| wget file | download file | ||||
| wget -c file | continue a stopped download | ||||
| ./configuremakemake install | Installation from source | ||||
| dpkg -i pkg.deb | install a package (Debian) | ||||
| rpm -Uvh pkg.rpm | install a package (RPM) | ||||
| Ctrl+C | halts the current command | ||||
| Ctrl+Z | stops the current command, resume with fg in the foreground or bg in the background | ||||
| Ctrl+D | log out of current session, similar to exit | ||||
| Ctrl+W | erases one word in the current line | ||||
| Ctrl+U | erases the whole line | ||||
| Ctrl+R | type to bring up a recent command | ||||
| !! - repeats the last command | repeats the last command | ||||
| exit | log out of current session |
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Created by:
louieb39
on 2008-11-07