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5th grade cram

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Absorb   to take in or soak up, dark objects _______ light and heat  
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adaptation   a change in an organism that helps it survive in its environment  
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air pressure   the weight of the air above an area, barometers measure ___ ________  
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algae   single-celled plantlike organism that produce huge amounts of oxygen  
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amoeba   a single-celled blob-like member of Kingdom Protista  
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amphibian   a group of vertebrates with moist skin, they spend part of their life underwater  
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amplitude   measures how high or low a wave is  
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anemometer   measures wind speed, "mom" says don't go out when its windy without a coat  
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Aristotle   believed our solar system was "Earth-centered"  
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atom   the smallest bit of matter, made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons  
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bacteria   smallest, most primitive living things, single-celled, no organelles, Kingdom Monera  
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balance   an instrument that compares the mass of two objects  
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behavioral adaptation   a change in an organisms behavior to help it survive, porcupine rolling up in a ball when threatened, birds flying south for the winter  
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Benjamin Franklin   discovered that lightening was a form of static electricity  
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carbon dioxide   a compound needed by plants for photosynthesis: 1 carbon & 2 oxygen  
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cell   the smallest unit of living things  
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chemical change   a change that results in something new, cannot easily be undone: burnt toast  
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chlorophyll   the green pigment in plants used for photosynthesis  
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circumference   the distance (perimeter) around a circle  
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cirrus   high wispy clouds  
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climate   the average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time  
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closed circuit   an electrical circuit must be closed for electricity to flow  
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community   Populations of species that live in the same place at the same time together  
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compound   two or more elements held together by chemical bonds: NaCl, CO2, H2O  
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compression   the part of a sound wave where the molecules of matter are packed closely together  
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concave   a lens or mirror that is wider on the edges and thinner in the middle  
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conclusion   a summary statement based on the results of an investigation, they are based on facts  
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condense   to change from a gas to a liquid  
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conductor   a material that easily transmits electricity or heat  
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constant   something in an experiment that does NOT change  
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consumer   an organism that eats other organisms  
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continental rise   part of the ocean floor just below the continental slope, it is there because of landslides  
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continental shelf   the shallow part of the ocean floor near the shore, there is much life there because sunlight reaches the bottom there  
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continental slope   the steep "drop-off" from the continental shelf to the deep ocean  
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contract   to become smaller  
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convergent boundaries   where two tectonic plates are moving together: trenches, mountains, and volcanoes from here  
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convex   a lens or mirror that is wider in the middle and thicker at the edges  
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Copernicus and Galileo   believed that the sun was the center of our solar system  
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core   the center part of the earth made up of solid iron and nickel  
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crust   the thin, rocky, outer layer of the earth  
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cumulonimbus   dark, stormy clouds  
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cumulus   clouds that are fluffy and white with flat bottoms. They usually indicate fair weather.  
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current   the river-like movement of water in the ocean  
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decomposer   organisms like bacteria, fungi, and worms that break down dead organisms  
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density   how tightly or loosely packed matter is  
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deposition   when sediment is placed by water, wind, or gravity  
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dispersion   when light waves pass through a prism, the rays are spread out or dispersed  
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dissolve   when a solid mixes completely in a liquid to form a solution  
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divergent boundaries   when two tectonic plates move apart from each other: mid-ocean ridges are formed here  
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dogwood   the state tree of Virginia  
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dormancy   a period of inactivity: volcanoes and plants can be dormant  
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earthquake   the shaking or moving of the earth's crust do to tectonic movement  
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echo   a reflected sound wave bouncing off of a hard, smooth surface  
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ecosystem   is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) together with the nonliving components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system  
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electromagnet   Wrapping wire around certain iron-bearing metals (iron nail) and creating a closed circuit is an example of a simple _____________.  
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electron   the smallest subatomic particle, negative (-) charge  
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element   the pure and simple substance that cannot be broken down any farther  
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embryo   The embryo within the seed begins as a single cell, the zygote. The basic organs of the plant body can be found in the embryo.  
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erosion   the carrying away of sediment due to weathering  
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evaporation   the state change from a liquid to a gas without high heat  
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expand   to become bigger, when water freezes into ice, it expands  
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extinct   when a species of organisms finally die out  
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Fahrenheit   the temperature scale for which 32 degrees is freezing and 212 degrees is boiling  
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fault   a break in the earth's surface, earthquakes often occur here  
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ferns   a group of plants that reproduce with spores instead of seeds  
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filament   the thin metal wire in a light bulb that glows when hot  
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focus   the place that an earthquake begins  
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force   a push or pull on an object  
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fossil   the ancient remains of a plant or animal  
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frequency   the number of times a wave passes a certain point in a certain amount of time  
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fresh water   water containing very little dissolved salt, found in lakes, streams and rivers  
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friction   the force that creates heat when two objects rub against another  
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front   the boundary between air masses of different temperature and humidity  
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fungus   a kingdom of living things that absorb food from dead or dying organisms: mushrooms, molds, yeast, mildew  
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Galileo   helped to invent and make the telescope better  
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geologist   a scientist who studies the earth and rocks  
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granite   an igneous rock found under the continents  
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Gulf stream current   a warm water current that travels by the east coast of the U.S.  
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habitat   the place, or kind of place, in which an animal or plant naturally lives. An organism’s _______ provides food, water, shelter, and space  
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hibernate   when an organism sleeps for long periods of time in the winter months  
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humidity   the amount of moisture in the air which is measured by a hygrometer  
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hypothesis   a prediction about the relationship between variables. A hypothesis is an educated guess/prediction about what will happen based on what you already know and what you have already learned from your research. It must be worded so that it is ―testable.‖  
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igneous   Rock type formed from cooled lava or magma  
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inference   a possible explanation based on background knowledge and available data  
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instinct   something that an organism does without thinking, it is inborn  
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insulator   a material that does not transmit electricity or heat easily  
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invertebrate   an animal without a backbone  
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kilogram   a metric measure of mass that is equal to about 2 pounds  
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kinetic energy   the energy of motion  
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lava   hot, molten rock that has been erupted to the surface of the earth  
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leaf   the part of the plant where photosynthesis takes place  
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lens   a curved glass object that bends, or refracts, light  
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light   a form of energy that travels from the sun to earth in waves  
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lightening   a form of static electricity found in the atmosphere  
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limestone   a sedimentary rock formed from ancient sea shells  
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liquid   one of the three states of matter that has a definite volume, but no definite shape  
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magma   hot, molten rock that is found under the earth's surface  
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mammal   a group of vertebrates that are warm-blooded, have fur, and produce milk  
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manipulate   to change or alter  
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mantle   the middle layer of the earth made mostly of molten rock  
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marble   a metamorphic rock prized for its beauty, used in statues and countertops  
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mass   the amount of matter in an object  
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matter   anything that has mass and takes up space (volume)  
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melting point   the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid  
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membrane   a thin covering that allows certain materials in and out  
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mercury   the only element that is a metal and a liquid  
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metamorphic   Rock type that has been "changed" by high heat and pressure under the earth's surface  
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metamorphosis   when something undergoes a dramatic "change"  
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meteorologist   a scientist who studies and reports the weather  
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meter   a metric measure of length that is about equal to one yard  
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Michael Faraday   invented the electric motor  
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microscope   a scientific instrument that allows us to see very small objects  
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mixture   a combination of two or more compounds that can be separated easily  
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mold   a type of fungus that grows on living things, often found on old bread  
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molecule   the very smallest bit of a compound  
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molten   when something is hot and melted  
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monera   the kingdom of living things that includes the bacteria  
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moss   a non-vascular plant that grows near moisture  
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nano   one billionth of something 1 / 1,000,000,000,000  
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nano-technology   the field of technology that specializes in very small devices  
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neutron   the subatomic particle with no charge  
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niche   the function that an organism performs in the food web of that community. A _____ also includes everything else the organism does and needs in its environment. No two types of organisms occupy exactly the same _____ in a community.  
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observation   something that you can tell from your senses  
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ocean   a major body of salt water  
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opaque   an object that does not allow any light to pass through it  
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open circuit   an circuit that electricity will not flow through because it is open, or broken  
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orbit   a curved path an object takes through space  
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organ system   a group of organs that work together to perform a job  
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organism   an individual living thing  
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parallel circuit   an electrical circuit in which if one light goes out, the others still work  
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paramecium   a single-celled protist that has hair-like structures that beat like oars  
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photosynthesis   the process by which plants make their own food using sunlight and chlorophyll  
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phyto-plankton   plant like single-celled organisms in the ocean that provide most of earth's oxygen  
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pistil   the female reproductive part of the plant: Pistil packing momma  
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pitch   the highness or lowness of a sound that is related to frequency  
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plankton   single-celled organisms that are the basis of the ocean food chain  
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plant kingdom   organisms that do not move from place to place, and make their own food using photosynthesis  
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pollen   produced by the stamen, it fertilizes the pistil  
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pollination   the transfer of pollen to the pistil by wind or insects  
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pollution   unwanted materials that can harm or damage the environment  
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population   All the organisms of the same species that live in the same place at the same time  
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potential energy   the energy an object has because of its position  
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predict   to make an educated guess about what will happen in the future  
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prism   a glass pyramid that separates light into the colors of the rainbow  
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producer   organisms, such as plants, that make food and are consumed  
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protist   organisms that are microscopic, single-celled, and can be animal-like or plant-like  
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proton   the subatomic particle in the nucleus that has a positive (+) charge  
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protozoa   animal-like protists  
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rain gauge   a weather instrument that measures rainfall  
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rainbow   a visual effect when drops of water disperse white light into the colors of the visible spectrum  
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rarefaction   the part of a sound wave where the molecules of matter are loosely packed together  
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reflect   when light bounces off of a shiny, smooth object  
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refract   when light bends because it is passing through glass or water  
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repel   to push apart  
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reproduce   to create offspring  
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reptile   a group of vertebrates that have dry, scaly skin  
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revolution   to make a trip around  
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revolve   to spin on its axis  
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root   the part of the plant that takes in water and nutrients from the soil and anchors the plant to the ground  
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roy g biv   red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet (the colors of the visible spectrum)  
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salinity   the saltiness of water  
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saltwater   water with many dissolved salts (sodium chloride)  
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sediment   the tiny bits of rock and dirt that wash into streams and rivers  
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sedimentary   Rock type formed by layers of sediment at the bottom of ancient lakes or oceans  
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seed   the part of the plant that is produced in the ovary, and will become a new plant  
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sepal   the protective leaflets at the base of the flower  
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series circuit   an electrical circuit where if one light goes out, they all go out  
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sodium chloride   NaCl, table salt  
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solid   the state of matter with a definite shape and a definite volume  
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solution   a mixture in which one substance is dissolved into another  
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sound wave   a compressional wave in which matter vibrates and bumps into neighboring matter  
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spore   the microscopic seed-like reproductive cell for fungi, ferns, and moss  
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stamen   the male part of the flower that produces the pollen  
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static electricity   an electrical charge created by rubbing two objects together  
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stem   provides support for the plant and has tubes for transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant  
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telescope   a scientific device using two or more lenses to make distant objects appear close  
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thermal energy   energy felt as heat  
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thermometer   an instrument that measures heat energy in the atmosphere  
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tidal wave   another word for tsunami  
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tides   the regular rise and fall of the ocean level due to the gravitational pull of the moon  
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transform boundaries   a place where two tectonic plates slide past each other, often causing earthquakes  
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translucent   matter that allows some light to pass through, but not all  
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transparent   matter that allows all light to pass through it, you can see clearly through it  
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trough   the low point on a wave  
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variable   something that can change  
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vascular plants   plants with tubes and ducts to carry water and nutrients throughout the plant  
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vibration   the rapid back and forth motion of matter  
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visible spectrum   all of the light energy that we get from the sun that we can see with our eyes (roy g biv)  
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volcano   a place on earth where magma bubbles up from underneath the earth's crust  
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watershed   an area of land drained by a particular river  
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wave   the way in which energy moves  
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wavelength   the distance on a wave measured from one crest to another  
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weathering   the breaking down of rock by water, ice, wind  
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weight   measures the pull of gravity on an object  
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zoo-plankton   all the plankton that does not get its energy from photosynthesis, but by somehow eating other organisms  
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