Mechanism of action
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| osmotics in the proximal tubule | decrease sodium and water reabsorption
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| osmotic in the loop of henle | increase medullary blood flow to decrease medullary hypertonicity and reduce sodium and water reabsorption
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| osmotics in the collecting tuble | sodium and water reabsorption decrease becasue of reduced medullary hypertonicity and elevated urinary flow rate
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| Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors | Inhibition of renal carbonic anhydrase decreases sodium bicarbonate reabsorption
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| Thiazides and thiazide-like | Inhibition of Na+/Cl- symporter
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| Loop or high-ceiling | Inhibition of the luminal Na+/K+/2Cl- transport system
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| Potassium-sparing | Inhibition of sodium and water reabsorption by: Competitive inhibition of aldosterone (spironolactone) Blockade of sodium channel at the luminal membrane (triamterene and amiloride)
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