MSK Derm 2
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| What layer of skin does bullous pemphigoid affect? | Subepidermal blisters
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| What layer of skin does impetigo affect? | Subcorneal blisters
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| What layer of skin does pemphigus vulgaris affect? | Intraepidermal blisters
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| What layer of skin does eczema affect? | Intraepidermal blisters
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| What layer of skin does dermatitis herpetiformis affect? | Subepidermal blisters
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| Flat circumscribed lesion less than 5 mm in diameter | Macule
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| Flat circumscribed lesion more than 5 mm in diameter | Patch
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| Elevated lesion less than 5 mm in diameter | Papule
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| Elevated lesion with spherical contour greater than 5 mm in diameter | Nodule
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| Elevated flat-topped lesion, usually greater than 5 mm in diameter | Plaque
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| Fluid-filled raised lesion less than 5 mm in diameter | Vesicle
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| Fluid-filled raised lesion greater than 5 mm in diameter | Bulla
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| Common term used for vesicle or bulla | Blister
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| Discrete, pus-filled, raised lesion | Pustule
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| Itchy, transient, elevated lesion with variable blanching and erythema | Wheal
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| Dry, horny, platelike excrescence | Scale
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| Thickened and rough skin characterized by prominent skin markings | Lichenification
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| Dried exudates from vesicle, bulla, or pustule; over superficial shallow erosions | Crust
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| Traumatic lesion characterized by breakage of the epidermis, causing a raw linear area | Excoriation
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| Separation of nail plate from nail bed | Onycholysis
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| Thickening of the stratum corneum | Hyperkeratosis
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| A break in the skin, usually where it joins a mucous membrane, producing a crack-like sore or ulcer | Fissure
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| Modes of keratinization characterized by the retention of the nuclei in the stratum corneum | Parakeratosis
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| Hyperplasia of the stratum granulosum | Hypergranulosis
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| Diffuse epidermal hyperplasia | Acanthosis
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| Surface elevation caused by hyperplasia and enlargement of contiguous dermal papillae | Papillomatosis
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| Abnormal keratinization occurring prematurely within individual cells or groups of cells below the stratum granulosum | Dyskeratosis
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| Loss of intercellular connections resulting in loss of cohesion between keratinocytes | Acantholysis
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| Intercellular edema of the epidermis | Spongiosis
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| Intracellular edema of keratinocytes | Hydropic swelling
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| Infiltration of the epidermis by inflammatory or circulating blood cells | Exocytosis
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| Discontinuity of the skin exhibiting incomplete loss of the epidermis | Erosion
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| Discontinuity of the skin exhibiting complete loss of the epidermis and often of portions of the dermis and even subcutaneous fat | Ulceration
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| Formation of vacuoles within or adjacent to cells | Vacuolization
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| Referring to a linear pattern of melanocyte proliferation within the epidermal basal cell layer | Lentiginous
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| What is normal transepidermal water loss? | 150 mL/day
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| How does TEWL change after loss of the stratum corneum? | TEWL increases by a factor of 50
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| Genetics of Dysplastic nevi syndrome | Autosomal dominant Involves genes on chrom 1, 9 or 12
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| Genetics of Basal cell nevus syndrome | Autosomal dominant Mutated ptc gene on chrom 9q22
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| Epidermodysplasia veruciformis is a/w what? | HPV types 5 & 8
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| Flat, red warts all over the skin; genitals are usually spared | Epidermodysplasia veruciformis
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| Disorder characterized by blister formation in response to mechanical trauma | Epidermolysis bullosa
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| Nevi that are larger than normal and may occur as hundreds of lesions on the body | Dysplastic nevi syndrome
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| Skin cancer w/ windblown histologic appearance | Squamous cell carcinoma
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| Skin cancer w/ pink, amorphous areas because of keratin production | Squamous cell carcinoma
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| Bowen's syndrome | Squamous cell carcinoma in situ
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| Most common skin cancer | Basal cell carcinoma
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| Skin cancer w/ basophilic staining | Basal cell carcinoma
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| Skin cancer w/ Peripheral palisading | Basal cell carcinoma
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| Skin cancer w/ bcl-2, α-SMA & Stromolysin 3 mutations | Basal cell carcinoma
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| Least common skin cancer | Melanoma
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| Most common type of melanoma | Superficial spreading melanoma
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| Rarest type of melanoma | Nodular melanoma
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| Clark staging | based on level of invasion levels 1-5
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| Breslow staging | based on thickness of lesion <.75mm= good prognosis Best prognostic indicator
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| Erythematous macule leading to multiple small pustules; rupture and ULCERATE with thick crust | Ecthyma Usually a neglected impetigo that progresses
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| Erythematous macule leading to multiple small pustules; rupture and FORM EROSIONS covered in crust | Impetigo
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| Acute, deep-seated, red, hot, tender nodule or abscess | Furuncle
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| Deeper infection (than furncle) comprised of interconnecting abscesses usually arising in several contiguous hair follicles | Carbuncle
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| Crops of small pustules centered around hair shaft, erythema | Folliculitis
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| Cause of Erysipelas | group A β-hemolytic streptococci
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| Cause of Cellulitis | Staphylococcus aureus
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| Red, hot, edematous and shiny plaque that may contain vesicles, bullae, erosions or abscesses | Erysipelas (defined boders) & Cellulitis (ill-defined borders)
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| Cause of Erythrasma | Corynebacterium minutissimum
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| Sharply marginated macule; scaling, erosion, fissure can occur | Erythrasma
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| Shows a coral-red fluorescence w/ Wood's lamp | Erythrasma
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| Cause of Pitted Keratolysis | Micrococcus sedentarius
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| Pits in stratum corneum; Sometimes discrete, oftentimes large areas of eroded corneum form; white when hydrated | Pitted Keratolysis
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