MSK 3
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| what type of crystals precipitate in gout? | monosodium urate
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| what type of diuretics is gout associated with? | thiazide
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| needle shaped negatively birefringent | gout
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| with what type of crystals is pseudogout associated? | calcium pyrophosphate
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| rhomboid crystals that are weakly positively birefringent | pseudogout
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| what type of joints does pseudogout usually affect? | large joints, especially the knee
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| what is the treatment for pseudogout? | none
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| pulmonary hemorrhages leading to hemoptysis, renal lesions leading to hematuria, anemia, crescentic glomerulonephritis | Goodpasture's syndrome
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| what type of hypersensitivity reaction does Goodpasture's represent? | type II
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| anti-glomerular basement membranes produce what type of staining on immunofluorescence? | linear
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| what population does Goodpasture's usually affect? | men 20-40
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| what level is elevated in sarcoidosis? | ACE
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| immune-mediated, widespread noncaseating granulomas common in black females | sarcoidosis
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| what do the epithelial granulomas contain in sarcoidosis? | microscopic Schaumann and asteriod bodies
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| why is hypercalcemia associated with sarcoidosis? | elevated conversion of vitamin D to its active form in epitheliod macrophages
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| restrictive lung disease, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, erythema nodosum, Bell's palsy are associated with what? | sarcoidosis
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| patients with what disorder have decreased sensitivity and often anergy to skin test antigens? | sarcoidosis
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| chronic inflammatory disease of spine and SI joints -> ankylosis, uveitis, and aortic regurgitation | ankylosing spondylitis
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| this disorder is characterized by excessive fibrosis and collagen deposition throughout the body | scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis)
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| widespread skin involvement, rapid progression, early visceral involvement | diffuse scleroderma
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| CREST syndrome | calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasia
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| idiopathic, segmental, thrombosing vasculitis of intermediate and small peripheral arteries and veins; seen in heavy smokers | Buerger's disease
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| intermittent claudication, superficial nodular phlebitis, and cold sensitivity, severe pain in affected part (may lead to gangrene) are characteristic of what? | Buerger's disease
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| what is the treatment for Buerger's disease? | quit smoking
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| what type of arteries does Takayasu's arteritis affect? | medium and large arteries
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| granulomatous thickening of aortic arch and/or proximal great vessels; elevated ESR | Takayasu's arteritis ("pulseless disease")
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| who does Takayasu's arteritis primarily affect? | Asian females under 40
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| what are the symptoms of Takayasu's arteritis? | fever, arthritis, night sweats, myalgia, skin nodules, ocular disturbances, weak pulses in upper extremities:
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| this is the most common vasculitis that affects medium and small arteries, usually branches of the carotid | temporal/giant cell arteritis
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| unilateral headache, jaw claudication, impaired vision (occlusion of ophthalmic artery, which can lead to blindness) | temporal/giant cell arteritis
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| half of patients with temporal arteritis have what? | systemic involvement and polymyalgia rheumatica (proximal muscle pain, periarticular pain)
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| what is elevated in temporal arteritis? what is the treatment? | elevated ESR; steroids are Rx
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| necrotizing immune complex inflammation of medium-sized muscular arteries, typically involving renal and visceral vessels | polyarteritis nodosa
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| approximately 30% of patients with polyarteritis nodosa are seropositive for what? | Hep B
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| multiple aneurysms and constrictions are seen on angiogram in what disease? | polyarteritis nodosa
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| what is the treatment for polyarteritis nodosa? | corticosteroids, cylophosphamide
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