Vital Signs and Measurements Chpt 37 - Temperature
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| Vital signs TPRBP refer to: | 1.T Temperature 2.P Pulse 3.R Respirations 4.BP blood pressure
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| Body temperature(T) is usually lower when? | It is lower in the morning because metabolism slows when you sleep
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| Metabolism is? | The rate at which the body utilizes energy
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| The instrument used to measure body heat is called? | Thermometer
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| Types of thermometers include | 1.Glass 2.Disposable 3.Electronic 4.Tympanic 5.Temporal
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| Body temperature can be obtained where? | 1.Orally 2.Aurally 3.Rectally 4.Temporally 5.Axillary
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| Most temperature readings are recorded with what abbreviation: | AX-Axillary R-Rectally A-Aural T-Temporal *No sign is used for oral*
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| Most temperatures are obtained on a thermometer with ? scale | Fahrenheit (F)
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| A second scale is used to measure body called? | Centigrade(C) or Celsius(c)
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| Fahrenheit --> Celsius conversion | Take reading -32, multiply by 5, divide by 9
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| Celsius --> Fahrenheit conversion | Take reading mulitply by 9, divide by 5, +32
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| The medical term for a fever is | Pyrexia, Pyrexic, Febrile
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| The medical term for no fever | Afebrile
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| Pyrexia occurs when? | When the body temp exceeds 101.0 F
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| Hyperthermia occurs when? | When the body temp exceeds 104.0 F
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| Temperatures above 106.0 F can cause? | Convulsion and death
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| A fluctuation fever is called? | Intermittent fever
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| A fluctuating fever that remains elevated is called? | Remittent fever
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| A fever that is elevated and does NOT fluctuate is called? | Continues fever
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| FUO ro PUO stands for? | Fever of unknown origin / Pyrexia of unknown origin
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| Before obtaining a temperature (T) with a glass thermometer, remember to: | Shake the liquid down below 96.0 F
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| To read the results of a glass thermometer you hold it: | A eye level
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| You read the thermometer temp at? | The point where the liquid end
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| Each long line on a glass thermometer is read as? | One degree
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| Each short line on a glass thermometer is read as? | 0.2 / two-tenths of a degree
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| Glass thermometers are to place in the sublingual pocket for how long? | 3 minutes
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| After use, glass thermometerms are cleaned by? | Soaking in a disinfectant such as 70% Isopropyl alcohol for a minimum of 30 minutes
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| Oral thermometers are usually colored? | Green or blue
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| Rectal thermometers are colored? | Red
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| Oral thermometers should be covered with? | a sheath
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| When taking oral temperatures the MA should always? | Wear exam gloves
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| Normal oral temperature range for 12+ | 97.6 to 99.6 F
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| Oral temperatures are counter indicated when? | 1.The patient is disorientated 2.Is a mouth breather 3.Receiving O2 4.Has mouth sores 5.Has had recent oral, facial, nasal or neck surgury 6 eaten, drank, smoked in past 30 minutes 7.Epilepsy 8.<6yrs 9.Has a NG tube
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| Rectal temperature is considered the most accurate because? | It is reading Core temp
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| To obtain a rectal temp the patient should be in what position? | Sims:Adult - on left side, left leg slight bent and right leg sharply bent, left arm is behind them
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| To obtain a rectal temp for a child the position is? | Infant should be on their back or abdomen
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| For a rectal exam the sheath of the thermometer should be lubricated with? | A water soluble lubricant (K-Y)
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| For an Adult the rectal thermometer should be inserted how far? | 1 Inch
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| Foe an Infant the rectal thermometer should be inserted how far? | 1/2 inch
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| A recatl temp obtained witha galss thermometer should be left in for? | 3 minutes
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| Normal rectal temperature for +12 | 98.6 to 100.6
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| Rectal temperature is counter indicated when? | If the patient has 1.hemorrhoids 2.Rectal surgery 3.diarrhea 4.Had cardiac pathology
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| A rectal thermometer can cause a vasovagal response causing? | A decreased cardiac output
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| The part of an electronic thermometer that touches the patient is called? | The probe (covered with a sheath)
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| Tympanic thermometers measure what? | The infrared energy emitted from the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
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| Tympanic thermometers require a sheath called? | A probe cover
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| How is an infant (<1yr) positioned for an tympanic temp? | The infant should be positioned lying flat with their head turned for easy access to the ear
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| How is a small child positioned for a tympanic temp? | The small child can be held on a parents lab with the head held for support against the parents chest
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| How is the tympanic thermometer positioned for an adult? | For an adult - Pull the right ear pinna back and outward
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| How is the tympanic thermometer positioned for a child? | For a child - Pull the right ear down and back
*For infants pull the pinna straight back*
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| What ear is used for the tympanic temperature? | The right ear
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| Tympanic temperatures are counter indicated when? | 1.Otalgia (ear pain) 2.Otorrhea (Discharge)
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| Temporal thermometers measure? | The temperature of the blood in the temporal artery
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| A temporal prob is placed where? | On the center of the forehead and slowly passed straight toward the top of the ear keeping contact with the skin
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| A properly preformed temporal temperature is as accurate as? | A rectal temperature
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