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Nose, Mouth & Oropharynx

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Question
Answer
Hx or obvious broken nose may predispose a patient to what?   sinusitis  
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Tenderness of the nasal tip or ale may suggest what?   local infection such as a furuncle  
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Reddened & swollen mucosa suggests what?   viral rhinitis  
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Pale, bluish or red mucosa suggests what?   allergic rhinitis  
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Septal perforations causes include what?   trauma, surgery and cocaine or amphetamine use  
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Pale semi-translucent masses that usually come from the middle meatus   Polyps  
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Epistaxis may result from what?   trauma, chronic nose-blowing, pregnancy, blood-clotting disorders, chronic alcohol/drug abuse, NSAIDS, corticosteroids...  
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White or yellow oval with an inflamed red border is what?   Apthous stomatitis (canker sore or aphthous ulcer)  
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Inflammatory lesion at the labial commisure or corner of the mouth   Angular Cheilitis  
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Small sometimes painful fluid filled reddish or purple blisters around the lips or corners of the mouth   Labial HSV1 (cold sores or fever blisters)  
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What happens to cold sores over several days?   blisters tend to merge and then collapse, a yellowish crust often forms over the sores  
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Inflammation of the lip and what does it suggest?   cheilitis; vitamin B12 or iron deficiency, allergy or precursor to skin cancer  
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Swelling of the lip and is caused by what?   angioedema; allergic reaction  
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How does carcinoma of the lip present?   scaly plaque, ulcer with or without a crust or as a nodular lesion  
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Condition where patches of keratosis appear as adherent whitet patches on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, including the tongue   leukoplakia  
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Beefy, red tongue is caused by what   pernnnicious anemia  
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Map-like appearance of your tongue due to irregular patches on its surface   geographic tongue  
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What's the 2nd most cancer of the mouth?   cancer of the tongue  
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Suspects of cancer in the mouth include   Any persistent nodule or uler, red or white. Induration increases the possibility  
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Most common location of cancer in the mouth?   side of tongue at its base  
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What may be present in individuals who bite their cheeks and those with platelet disorders?   petechiae  
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Grinding of ones teeth is what and what may be a sign of this?   bruxism; bite marks  
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Normal color of the gums   pink or patchy browness(People with Dark-Skin)  
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Gingival hyperplasia may be caused by what?   Dilantin (seizure) therapy, puberty, pregnancy and leukemia  
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Congenital anomaly characterized by an abnormally short lingual frenulum. Often found in who?   ankyloglossia AKA tongue-tie; infants that have difficulty breast-feeding  
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Xerostomia may be caused by what?   Meds, Sjogren's or nutrition  
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Sialorrhea may be caused by what?   Meds, Parkinson's or GERD  
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Another name for parotid gland ducts   Stensen's Ducts  
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Another name for submandibular gland ducts   Wharton Ducts  
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Which ducts open on the buccal mucosa opposite the 2nd molar on each side of the upper jaw?   Stensen's Ducts  
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Ducts under the gongue on each side of the frenulum?   Wharton Ducts  
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____ empties into the ____ 50% of the time   sublingual; submandibular  
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Midline bony growth in the hard palate that is fairly common in adults   Torus Palatinus  
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Torus Palatinus may contribute to what or a characteristic of what?   migraines; acromegaly  
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Most common in viral and bacterial infections?   pharyngitis  
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Red throat with white exudate on the tonsils? Due to what?   tonsilitis; strep or mono  
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CN associated with the tongue?   CN 12  
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CN assessment of the tongue?   Protrude tongue noting deviation, strength of tongue can be tested by having the patient push hi/her tongue inside of each cheek, and feeling how strongly he/she can resist against a finger pushed against the outside of the cheek  
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Ipsilateral deviation of the tongue indicates what?   LMN lesion and will have corresponding fasiculations & atrophy  
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Contralateral deviation of the tongue indicates what?   UMN lesion with NO fasiculations or atrophy  
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Weakness of the tongue is displayed as what?   slurring of speech, tongue may feel thick, heavy or clumsy, lingual sound are slurred (e's, l's t's, d's, n's, r's)  
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Fasciculations of the tongue may be a sign of what?   motor neuron disease  
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CN's that assess the gag reflex are what?   CN 9 and CN 10  
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Disorders that may cause and abnormal gag reflex include what?   movement disorders myasthenia gravis, stroke, dementia & cervical spine surgery  
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How does one assess CN's 9 and 10?   gag reflex for palatal sensation, phonation/voice pitch and quality/palatal movement  
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Having the patient say "me, me, me" tests what CN   7  
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Having the patient say "la, la, la" tests what CN?   12  
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Having the patent say "da, da, da; ka, ka, ka" tests what CN?   9 and 10  
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Having the patient say "ahhhh" tests for what?   voice tremor, hypophonia, etc...  
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