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three types of blood cells | Erythrocytes, Leukocytes and Platelets
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White Blood cells | Leukocytes, and they fight infection and disease
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Platelets | initiate blood clotting process
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red blood cells | Erythrocytes, responsible for oxygen transplant, 120 day life span
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Hematopoiesis | production of blood cells in the red bone marrow
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Plasma | 55% of whole body, 90-92% of water and 8-10% is dissolved substances
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Plasma Proteins | Albumin, Globulin, Fibrinogen
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Albumin | helps transport fatty substances
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Globulin | gamma globulins are antibodies
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Fibrinogen | blood clotting protein
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hemoglobin Hgb, Hb, HBG | gives erythrocytes their red color, blood protein
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Spleen | removes worn out erythrocytes, iron can be reused and Bilirubin is waste product disposed of by the liver
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Granulocytes | have granules in cytoplasm, three types of Leukocytes are granulocytes
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Agranulocytes | no granules in cytoplasm, two types of Leukocytes are agranulocytes
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Basophils | Granulocyte; release histamine and heparin to damaged tissue
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Eosinphils | Granulocyte; destroy parasites and increase during allergic reaction
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Neutrophils | Granulocyte; important for phagocytes
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Monocytes | Agranulocyte; important for phagocytes
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Lymphocytes | Agranulocyte; provides protection through immunity
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Platelets | older term is thrombocyte; critical in blood clotting, hemostasis
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Type A blood | produces anti-B antibodies which attack type B and type AB blood
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Type B blood | produces anti-A antibodies which attach type A and AB blood
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Type 0 | Universal Donor; will not react with anti-A or anti-B antibodies
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Type AB blood | Universal receiver
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Rh+ | has Rh factor on erythrocytes, will not make anti-Rh antibodies, can recieve both Rh+ and Rh- blood transfusion
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Rh- | does not have Rh on erythrocytes, will produce anti-Rh antibodies, can only receive Rh- blood transfusions
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hemorrage | rapid flow of blood
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fibrinogen | fiber producing
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fibrinolysis | fiber destruction
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fibrinous | pertaining to fibers
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hemolysis, hemolytic | blood destruction
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hematologist | blood specialist
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erythrocytosis | too many red cells
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leukocytosis | too may white cells
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thrombocytosis | too many clotting cells
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erythropenia | to few red cells
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leukopenia | too few white cells
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thrombopenia | too few clotting cells
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pancytopenia | too few all cells
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blood clot | hard collection of fibrin, blood cells and tissue debris, end result of hemostasis
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coagulate | to convert a liquid to a solid; as in blood clotting
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dyscrasia | general term for disease affecting blood
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hematology | branch of medicine specializing in blood conditions; physician is a hematologist
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hematoma | collection of blood under skin as a result of blood escaping into tissue from damaged blood vessels
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hemostatsis | to stop bleeding or stagnation of blood flow through tissues
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packed cells | transfusion of only blood cells without cells
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whole blood | mixture of both plasma and formed elements
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hemophilia | genetic disorder, blood fails to clot due to lack of one clotting factor
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hyperlipidemia | excessive level of lipids in the blood stream, risk factor for atherosclerosis
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anemia | group of conditions characterized by a reduction in number of RBCs or the amount of hemoglobin; results in less oxygen reaching tissues
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aplastic anemia | severe anemia in which red bone marrow stops making sufficient blood cells; may require bone marrow transplant
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hemolytic anemia | results from exessive loss of RBCs
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iron deficiency anemia | results from insufficient amount of iron to make hemoglobin for RBCs
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pernicious anemia | insufficient absorption of vitamin B12; unable to make enough RBCs
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Polycythemia vera | condition of having too many RBCs; blood is too thick and flows sluggishly
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sicke cell anemai | gentetic disorder where RBCs take on abnormal sicke shape; become more fragile leading to hemolytic anemia
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leukemia | cancer of white blood cell-forming portion of red bone marrow; results in large number of abnormal and immature WBCs cirulating in blood stream
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Blood culture & sensitivity (C&S) | blood is incubated to identify infecting bacteria and then test determines best antibiotic to use
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complete blood count (CBC) | set of blood tests; RBC count, WBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell differential, and plateet count
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erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) | determines rate at which RBCs settle in a test tube; indicates presence of inflammation in body
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Hematocrit (HCT, Hct, crit) | measures volume of RBCs
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hemoglobin test (Hgb, Hb) | measures how long needed for blood to coagulate and form a clot
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red blood cell count (RBC) | measures number of RBCs
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White blood cell count (WBC) | measures number of leukocytes
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white blood cell differential (diff) | determines the number of each type of WBC
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