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Medical Terms

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Osseus   Bony; Composed of Bone; Pertaining to bone.  
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Osteoblast   A cell associated with the production of bone.  
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Osteoclast   A large cell associated with the absorption and removal of bone.  
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Osteocyte   A mature osteoblast.  
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Collagen   A fibrous insoluble protein found in the white fibers of connective tissue including bone, ligaments, and tendons.  
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Periosteum   The specialized connective tissue covering all the bones of the body  
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Endosteum   The connective tissue membrane lining the medullary cavity of bone.  
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Medullary   Pertaining to bone marrow or the inner portion of an organ.  
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Diaphysis   The portion of a long bone between its ends; the shaft of the bone.  
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Epiphysis   The end of a long bone that is usually wider than the shaft. Contains a center for growth in the length.  
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Ossification   The formation of bone; the normal process of hardening of bone by calcification.  
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Calcification   Deposit of calcium salts within bony tissues.  
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Axis   A straight line passing through the center about which a body or part may rotate.  
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Axial   Pertaining to or forming an axis.  
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Appendicular   Pertaining to an appendage such as a limb or extremity.  
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Skeleton   The body framework of the body consisting of 206 bones.  
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Skeletal   Pertaining to the skeleton.  
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Cranium   The skull; that portion of the skull which encloses the brain  
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Frontal   Pertaining to the forehead or forehad bone.  
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Parietal   Pertaining to the two bones that form most of the roof and upper sides of the cranium.  
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Temporal   Pertaining to the temple or central sides of the cranium; of the two bones of the cranium located above and around each ear.  
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Occipital   Pertaining to the back and most of the lower base of the skull.  
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Sphenoid   Wedge-shaped; pertaining to the bat-shaped bone that extends behind the eyes, forming the anterior base of the cranium and part of each orbit.  
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Ethmoid   Sieve-like, pertaining to the delicate bone that forms much of the internal nasal structure and part of each orbit.  
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Suture   One of the jagged seams that unite the adjoining bones of the skull.  
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Fontanel   A space located at the junction of the sutures in the skull of the infant.  
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Sinus   One of the eight air-filled caivities in the skull that communicate with the nasal cavity.  
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Orbital   Pertaining to the orbit or eye socket.  
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Zygoma   The cheekbone. The two zygomae form the bony arch that extends along the front and side of the skull below the orbits.  
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Maxilla   One of the pair of bones forming the upper jaw.  
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Maxillary   Pertaining to the upper jaw bone.  
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Mandible   The lower jaw bone; horeshoe-shaped.  
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Mandibular   Pertaining to the lower jaw bone.  
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Nasal   Pertaining to the nose or one of the two bones that formthe bridge of the nose.  
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Vertebra   A backbone; any one of the bones of the spinal column.  
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Intervertebral   Situated between two adjacent vertebrae.  
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Cervical   Pertaining to the neck; the seven cervical vertebrae are designated.  
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Thoracic   Pertaining to the neck; the seven cervical vertebrae are designated.  
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Lumbar   Pertaining to the loin or small of the back  
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Sacrum   The large triangular bone near the lower end of the spinal column to which the hip bones are attached.  
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Coccyx   The tail bone or small bone at the end of the spinal column.  
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Coccygeal   Pertaining to the coccyx or tail bone.  
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Costa   A rib.  
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Intercostal   Between the ribs; situated between the ribs  
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Sternum   The breastbone; a lont flat bone shaped somewhat like a dagger and joined to the cartilages of most of the ribs anteriorly.  
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Manubrium   The upper portion of the sternum.  
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Xiphoid Process   The lower end of the sternum.  
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Pelvis   The large basin or cup-shaped ring of bone at the base of the spinal column.  
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Pelvic   Pertaining to the pelvis or pelvic obne.  
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Ilium   The superiormost bone of each pelvic bone.  
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Ischium   The inferoposterior bone of each of the pelvic of hip bones.  
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Pubis   The inferoanterior bone of each of the hip-bones.  
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Symphysis Pubix   The cartilaginous joint formed by the union of the 2 pubic bones at the midline.  
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Clavicle   The collar bone or clavicula; a curved bone that joins with the sternum medially and the acromion process of teh scapula.  
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Clavicular   Pertaining to the collar bone.  
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Scapula   The shoulder blade; a large flat triangular bone.  
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Glenoid   Socket-like; resembling a socket.  
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Acromion   The lateral extension of the projecting spine of the scapula.  
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Humerus   The upper arm bone.  
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Radius   The shorter and thicker of the two forearm boens located on the side of the thumb.  
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Ulna   The forearm bone on the side of the little finger that extends from the wrist to the elbow.  
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Carpus   The eight bones of the wrist.  
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Metacarpus   The five bones of the hand between the wrist and fingers.  
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Phalanx   Any bone of a finger or toem each finger or toe having three such bones and the thumb and great toe having two.  
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Acetabulum   The hip socket; the cup-shaped cavity on the outer aspect of the hip bone.  
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Os innominatum   The innominate bone.  
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Os Coxae   The hip bone or pelvic bone.  
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Femur   The thigh bone; the longest, shortest bone in the human body.  
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Patella   The knee-cap; a small flat triangular bone located in front of the knee joint within the inserting tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle.  
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Tibia   The shin bone; the medial, larger bone of the lower leg.  
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Fibula   The smaller lateral bone of the lower leg.  
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Tarsus   The ankle; the 7 bones of the ankle including the heel bone.  
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Calcaneus   The heel bone; the irregular bone at the back of the tarsus.  
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Metatarsus   The part of the foot between the tarsus and the toes; the 5b long bones that extend from the tarsus to the toes. Also called the metatarsals and metatarsal bones.  
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Phalangeal   Pertaining to a phalanx or the phalanges.  
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Condyle   A rounded knobby porojection at the end of a bone that fits into a joint.  
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Malleolus   The rounded bony prominence or projection on either side of the ankle joint.  
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Fossa   A furrow or depression in a bone or other structure.  
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Olecranon   The large process of the ulna forming the bony prominence of the elbow.  
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Foramen   A natural opening, especially in a bone, that may pass into or through the bone.  
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Meatus   A tube-shaped passage  
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Mastoid   Fromed like a breast of nipple()_  
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Process   A noticeable projection of bone.  
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Articulation   A joint; the junction of two or more bones.  
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Ligament   A band of strong fibrous connective tissue.  
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Tendon   A strong cord of fibrous connective tissue serving to attach muscles to bones.  
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Bursa   A small closed sac containing synovial fluid, usually found within joint areas  
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Meniscus   A crescent shaped fibrocartilage in the knee joint. Each knee has a medial and a lateral meniscus which act as cushions between the ends of the bones in the knee joint.  
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Retinaculum   Tight transverse fibrous bands or ligaments that serve to bind down the tendons close to the bone as they pass over a joint.  
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