| Japanese |
 |
|
| English |
|
|
| クリスマス |
Christmas |
| クリスマスツリー |
Christmas tree |
| クリスマスカード |
Christmas card |
| キリストきょう |
Christianity |
| (お)しょうがつ |
The New Year [lit., the first proper month] |
| (お)もち |
pounded rice cakes |
| きもの |
traditional Japanese wear [きます= to wear, もの= things] |
| 年がしょう |
New Year's card |
| お年[とし]だま |
money recieved mainly by children from adults [とし= year, だま=coins] |
| きょうかい |
church |
| じんじゃ |
shrine [Shinto] |
| (お)てら |
temple [Buddhist] |
| はな火[び] (を します) |
(to do) fireworks |
| おくる |
to send, mail |
| はじめて |
for the first time |
| クリスマスイブ |
Christmas eve |
| クリスマスケーキ |
Christmas cake [a Japanese creation] |
| クリスマスプレゼント |
Christmas present |
| サンタクロース |
Santa Claus |
| みそ日[か] |
Dec. 30 |
| [おお]みそ日[か] |
New Year's Eve (Dec. 31) |
| かざります |
to decorate |
| つつみます |
to wrap |
| 言 |
[い(う)] say |
| 語 |
[ゴ] language |
| Verb た form |
This form may be used to express a plain perfect vrb form (past tense, plain equivalent of ~ました), or preceding an extender as a past form. |
| Verb た form + ことが あります。 |
Have done~ (experience). [the extender never appears in perfect (past) form since it is already preceded by the past verb form of た. In this usage, the time expressed cannot be too close to the present] |
| Verb た form + ことが ありません/ ない(ん)です。 |
Have never done~ (experience). |
BIOL3326 Forms
