| Question |
 |
|
| Answer |
|
|
| amorphous solid |
A solid in which the particles are held in random placement. |
| angstroms |
10 to the negative tenth power meter; a hundred-millionth of a centimeter |
| atoms |
The fundamental particle of an element. |
| boiling |
The rapid phase change from liquid to gas. |
| boiling point |
The temperature at which a material changes rapidly from liquid to gas. |
| Bose-Einstein condensate |
This theory goes beyond the particle model of matter to describe particles as waves and uses mathematical equations instead of particles to describe matter. It only forms at temperatures near absolute zero. |
| Brownian movement |
The constant random motion of particles in a liquid or a gas. |
| chemical change |
A change in a material that alters its identity. |
| chemical property |
A property that describes how matter will react and change in the presence of other kinds of matter. |
| compressibility |
How much more the atoms of an object/substance can be packed together. |
| condensation |
The phase change from gas to liquid. |
| condensation point |
The temperature at which a material changes from gas to liquid. |
| crystalline solid |
A solid in which the particles are held in a fixed repeating pattern. |
| diffusion |
The process of mixing by particle motion. |
| evaporation |
The phase change from liquid to gas. |
| freezing |
The phase change from liquid to solid. |
| freezing point |
The temperature at which a material changes rapidly from liquid to solid. |
| gas |
The state of matter in which the disruptive forces completely overcome the attractive forces, allowing particles unlimited movement. |
| gas pressure |
Force exerted on a unit of area by gas particles colliding with a surface. |
| kelvin |
The basic unit of temperature in the metric system. |
| kinetic energy |
The energy of motion. |
| liquid |
The state of matter in which the attractive forces and the disruptive forces are balanced, allowing particles limited movement. |
| melting |
The phase change from solid to liquid. |
| melting point |
The temperature at which a material changes from a solid to liquid. |
| nanometer |
10 to the negative ninth power meters. |
| particle model |
A model of matter in which all matter is made up of tiny particles in constant motion. |
| phases |
Used by scientists because many materials can exist in more one physical state. |
| physical property |
A property that can be observed and measured without changing the kind of matter being studied. |
| plasma |
The state of matter in which particles travel at such tremendous speeds that they become electrically charged. |
| solids |
The state of matter in which the attractive forces limit the particles to vibrating in place. |
| sublimation |
The phase change directly from solid to gas or from gas to solid. |
| temperature |
The measure of the average kinetic energy in a material. |
| viscosity |
The thickness of a fluid. |
| absolute zero |
The temperature on the Kelvin scale at which an object would possess an absolute minimum of kinetic energy. |
Ch.18 LTI-MA 509
