| description |
 |
|
| drug |
|
|
| agonist at opiod receptors to modulate synaptic transmission |
opiod analgesics |
| block Na+ channel; inhibit glutamate release |
phenytoin |
| increase DURATION of Cl- channel opening --> increase GABA(A) action |
barbituates |
| increase FREQUENCY of Cl- channel openeing --> increase GABA(A) action |
BZD |
| used for pain, cough suppression, diarrhea, acute pulmonary edema |
opiods |
| induction of anesthesia |
barbituates (thiopental) |
| for detox, especially EtOH withdrawl (DT), night terrors, sleepwalking |
BZD |
| neuro drugs that incrase P450 |
barbituates, phenytoin, carbamazepine |
| SE: respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, CNS depression |
opioids |
| additive CNS depression effects with EtOH |
barbituates, BZD |
| SE: nystagmus, diplopia, SLE-syndrome, increases P450 |
phenytoin |
| BZD OD treatment |
flumazenil --> competitive antag at GABA receptor |
| opiod OD treatment |
naloxone/naltrexone --> opioid receptor antag |
| anti-seizure drugs also used for bipolar treatment |
carbamazepine, lamotrigine, valproic acid |
| 1st line for tonic-clonic seizures |
phenytoin, carbamazpine, valproic acid |
| 1st line for absence seizures |
ethosuximide |
| 1st line for status epilepticus seizures |
BZD (diazepam, lorazepam) |
| 1st line for status epilepticus prophylaxis |
phenytoin |
| 1st line for trigeminal neuralgia |
carbamazepine |
| also used for peripheral neuropathy |
gabapentin |
| 1st line for epilepsy in pregnancy and children |
phenobarbital |
| also used for myoclonic seizures |
valproic acid |
| also used for eclampsia seizures |
BZD |
| 1st line to prevent eclampsia seizures |
MgSO4 |
| increase Na+ channel inactivation |
phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid |
| blocks voltage gated Na+ channels |
lamotrigine |
| increase GABA release |
gabapentin |
| increase GABA(A) action |
phenobarbital, BZD |
| increase [GABA] |
valproic acid |
| blocks thalamic T-type Ca++ channels |
ethosuxamide |
| drugs a/w Steven Johnson syndrome |
ethosuxamide, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbital |
| causes NTD; contraindicated in pregnancy |
valproic acid |
| inhaled anesthetic with hepatotoxicity |
halothane |
| most common drugs for endoscopy |
midazolam (BZD) |
| stimulates heart, increases cerebral blood flow, for kids < 13 y/o |
ketamine |
| depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug |
succinylcholine |
| non-depolarzing neuromuscular blocking drug --> competes with ACh |
tubocurarine, atracurium, mivacurium, pancuronum, vecuronium, rocuronium |
| prevents Ca++ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum |
dantrolene |
| used to treat malignant hyperthermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome |
dantrolene |
| Parkinson drugs |
bromocriptine, amantidine, L-dopa/carbidopa, selegiline, benztropine |
| DA agonist for Parkinson's |
bromocriptine |
| Parkinson's drug that increases DA release |
amantidine |
| Parkinson's drug that decreses ACh activity |
benztropine |
| CANNOT cross BBB |
dopamine |
| able to cross BBB |
L-dopa |
| given with L-dopa to increase bioavailability of L-dopa in brean and decrease peripheral effects |
carbidopa |
| inhibit MAO-B ---> prevents DA breakdown in brain |
selegiline |
| 5HT(1D) agonist --> causes vasoconstriction |
sumatriptan |
| used for acute migraines, cluster headaches |
sumatriptan |
