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First Aid neuro pharm

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description
drug
agonist at opiod receptors to modulate synaptic transmission   opiod analgesics  
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block Na+ channel; inhibit glutamate release   phenytoin  
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increase DURATION of Cl- channel opening --> increase GABA(A) action   barbituates  
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increase FREQUENCY of Cl- channel openeing --> increase GABA(A) action   BZD  
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used for pain, cough suppression, diarrhea, acute pulmonary edema   opiods  
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induction of anesthesia   barbituates (thiopental)  
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for detox, especially EtOH withdrawl (DT), night terrors, sleepwalking   BZD  
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neuro drugs that incrase P450   barbituates, phenytoin, carbamazepine  
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SE: respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, CNS depression   opioids  
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additive CNS depression effects with EtOH   barbituates, BZD  
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SE: nystagmus, diplopia, SLE-syndrome, increases P450   phenytoin  
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BZD OD treatment   flumazenil --> competitive antag at GABA receptor  
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opiod OD treatment   naloxone/naltrexone --> opioid receptor antag  
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anti-seizure drugs also used for bipolar treatment   carbamazepine, lamotrigine, valproic acid  
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1st line for tonic-clonic seizures   phenytoin, carbamazpine, valproic acid  
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1st line for absence seizures   ethosuximide  
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1st line for status epilepticus seizures   BZD (diazepam, lorazepam)  
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1st line for status epilepticus prophylaxis   phenytoin  
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1st line for trigeminal neuralgia   carbamazepine  
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also used for peripheral neuropathy   gabapentin  
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1st line for epilepsy in pregnancy and children   phenobarbital  
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also used for myoclonic seizures   valproic acid  
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also used for eclampsia seizures   BZD  
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1st line to prevent eclampsia seizures   MgSO4  
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increase Na+ channel inactivation   phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid  
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blocks voltage gated Na+ channels   lamotrigine  
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increase GABA release   gabapentin  
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increase GABA(A) action   phenobarbital, BZD  
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increase [GABA]   valproic acid  
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blocks thalamic T-type Ca++ channels   ethosuxamide  
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drugs a/w Steven Johnson syndrome   ethosuxamide, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbital  
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causes NTD; contraindicated in pregnancy   valproic acid  
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inhaled anesthetic with hepatotoxicity   halothane  
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most common drugs for endoscopy   midazolam (BZD)  
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stimulates heart, increases cerebral blood flow, for kids < 13 y/o   ketamine  
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depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug   succinylcholine  
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non-depolarzing neuromuscular blocking drug --> competes with ACh   tubocurarine, atracurium, mivacurium, pancuronum, vecuronium, rocuronium  
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prevents Ca++ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum   dantrolene  
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used to treat malignant hyperthermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome   dantrolene  
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Parkinson drugs   bromocriptine, amantidine, L-dopa/carbidopa, selegiline, benztropine  
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DA agonist for Parkinson's   bromocriptine  
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Parkinson's drug that increases DA release   amantidine  
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Parkinson's drug that decreses ACh activity   benztropine  
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CANNOT cross BBB   dopamine  
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able to cross BBB   L-dopa  
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given with L-dopa to increase bioavailability of L-dopa in brean and decrease peripheral effects   carbidopa  
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inhibit MAO-B ---> prevents DA breakdown in brain   selegiline  
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5HT(1D) agonist --> causes vasoconstriction   sumatriptan  
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used for acute migraines, cluster headaches   sumatriptan  
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