First Aid neuro pharm
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| agonist at opiod receptors to modulate synaptic transmission | opiod analgesics
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| block Na+ channel; inhibit glutamate release | phenytoin
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| increase DURATION of Cl- channel opening --> increase GABA(A) action | barbituates
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| increase FREQUENCY of Cl- channel openeing --> increase GABA(A) action | BZD
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| used for pain, cough suppression, diarrhea, acute pulmonary edema | opiods
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| induction of anesthesia | barbituates (thiopental)
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| for detox, especially EtOH withdrawl (DT), night terrors, sleepwalking | BZD
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| neuro drugs that incrase P450 | barbituates, phenytoin, carbamazepine
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| SE: respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, CNS depression | opioids
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| additive CNS depression effects with EtOH | barbituates, BZD
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| SE: nystagmus, diplopia, SLE-syndrome, increases P450 | phenytoin
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| BZD OD treatment | flumazenil --> competitive antag at GABA receptor
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| opiod OD treatment | naloxone/naltrexone --> opioid receptor antag
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| anti-seizure drugs also used for bipolar treatment | carbamazepine, lamotrigine, valproic acid
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| 1st line for tonic-clonic seizures | phenytoin, carbamazpine, valproic acid
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| 1st line for absence seizures | ethosuximide
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| 1st line for status epilepticus seizures | BZD (diazepam, lorazepam)
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| 1st line for status epilepticus prophylaxis | phenytoin
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| 1st line for trigeminal neuralgia | carbamazepine
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| also used for peripheral neuropathy | gabapentin
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| 1st line for epilepsy in pregnancy and children | phenobarbital
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| also used for myoclonic seizures | valproic acid
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| also used for eclampsia seizures | BZD
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| 1st line to prevent eclampsia seizures | MgSO4
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| increase Na+ channel inactivation | phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid
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| blocks voltage gated Na+ channels | lamotrigine
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| increase GABA release | gabapentin
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| increase GABA(A) action | phenobarbital, BZD
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| increase [GABA] | valproic acid
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| blocks thalamic T-type Ca++ channels | ethosuxamide
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| drugs a/w Steven Johnson syndrome | ethosuxamide, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbital
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| causes NTD; contraindicated in pregnancy | valproic acid
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| inhaled anesthetic with hepatotoxicity | halothane
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| most common drugs for endoscopy | midazolam (BZD)
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| stimulates heart, increases cerebral blood flow, for kids < 13 y/o | ketamine
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| depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug | succinylcholine
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| non-depolarzing neuromuscular blocking drug --> competes with ACh | tubocurarine, atracurium, mivacurium, pancuronum, vecuronium, rocuronium
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| prevents Ca++ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum | dantrolene
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| used to treat malignant hyperthermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome | dantrolene
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| Parkinson drugs | bromocriptine, amantidine, L-dopa/carbidopa, selegiline, benztropine
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| DA agonist for Parkinson's | bromocriptine
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| Parkinson's drug that increases DA release | amantidine
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| Parkinson's drug that decreses ACh activity | benztropine
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| CANNOT cross BBB | dopamine
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| able to cross BBB | L-dopa
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| given with L-dopa to increase bioavailability of L-dopa in brean and decrease peripheral effects | carbidopa
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| inhibit MAO-B ---> prevents DA breakdown in brain | selegiline
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| 5HT(1D) agonist --> causes vasoconstriction | sumatriptan
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| used for acute migraines, cluster headaches | sumatriptan
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