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ch 3&4 vocab

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Term
Definition
culture   the way of life that ditingushes a people, for example, goverment, language, religion, customs,and beliefs  
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population desity    
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birthrate   the number of live births each year per 1,000 people  
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immigrant    
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emigrant    
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urbanazation    
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rural   of, or characteristict of, the countryside  
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culture hearth    
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culture convergence    
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diffushion    
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cultural divergence    
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sovereignty   a country's freedom and power to decide on policies and actions  
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unitary system   a system of government in which one central government holds most of the political power  
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federation   a government structure in which some powers are given to the national government and other powers are reserved for more local governments  
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confederation   a system of government in which individual political units keep their soverignty but give limited power to a central government  
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authoritarian   descriptive of a system of government in which the leaders hold all the political power  
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dictatorship   a system of government in which absolute power is held by a small group or one person  
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totalitarianism   a system of government in which a central authority controls all aspects of society  
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monarchy   a system of authoritarian government headed by a monarch-a king, queen, shah, or sultan-whose position is usually inherited  
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democracy   a system of government in which the people are invested with the power to choose their leaders and government policy  
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traditional economy   an economic system in which families produce goods and services for their own use, with little surplus and exchange of goods; also known as a subsistence economy  
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market economy   an economic system in which decisions about production, price, and other economic factors are determined by the law of supply and demand  
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command economy   an economic system that is controlled by a single central government  
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natural resource   a material in the natural environment that people value and use to satisfy their needs  
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renewable resource   a natural resource that the environment continues to supply or replace as it is used  
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nonrenewable resource   a natural resource that cannot be replaced once it is used  
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fossil fuel    
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nuclear energy    
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water power    
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geothermal energy   energy produced from the earths intense interior heat  
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solar energy   energy produced by the sun  
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primary economic activity   an economic activity that takes or uses natural resources directly, such as fishing or mining  
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subsistence farming   farming that provides only enough for a family or a village  
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commercial farming   the raising of crops and livestock for sale in markets  
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secondary economic activity   an economic activity in which people use raw materials to produce or manufacture new products of greater value  
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cottage industry   a small-scale manufacturing operation ussing little technology, often located in or near peoples homes  
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commercial industry   a large-scale manufacturing operation that employs many people and produces large quantities of goods  
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tertiary economic activity   an economic activity in which people do not directly gather or process raw materials but pursue activities that serve others; service industry  
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quaternary economic activity   an economic activity that focuses on the acquistion, processing, and sharing of information, such as education or research  
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export   an item sent out of a country for sale  
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import   an item brought in to a country for sale  
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Created by: austinbetteridge
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