Test #3
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| Define asepsis | Without infection, free of infectious agents. Surgical asepsis is stricter than medical asepsis.
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| Define sterilization | Destruction or removal of all life; including viruses and spores.
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| Define sterile | Free of all life/microorganisms.
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| Define disinfection | Destruction or removal of all pathogens from non-living surfaces or objects.
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| Define disinfectant | agent used on non-living surfaces to control the growth of microbes.
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| Define antisepsis | destruction or removal of pathogens from living tissue to prevent infection.
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| Define antiseptic | An agent uused on living tissue to control the growth of microbes.
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| Define sanitization | Destruction or removal of 99.9% of vegetative pathogens--or--removal of pathogens from eating/drinking utensils to a safe public health level.
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| Define degerming | Physical/mechanical removal of microbes on a limited area (alcohol before an injection)
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| Explain -cidal vs -static action | -cidal/-cide = refers to killing (tuberculocidal=>mycobacterium tuberculosis). -stasis/-static = refers to inhibition without killing.
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| What does the logrithmic death rate refer to? | Upon exposure to a cidal agent, organisms do not die at the same time, they die at a logrithmic rate. The same percentage dies during each equal time period.
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| What are the moist heat methods of physical control? | Pasteurization, boiling and steam under pressure.
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| How does a steam autoclave work? | Items are placed in the high temperature/pressure chamber, air is vented out, pressure builds, when full pressure is achieved-begin timing. Common run=20 min at 15psi. Exhaust steam when time is up.
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| What are the dry heat physical control methods? | Incineration - burning the item as in innoculating loops. Hot air oven - sharp instruments and glass.
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| What are the cold physical control methods? | Refrigeration - optimum is just above freezing. Freezing - optimum -20C(0F) - food, drugs, culture preservation.
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| What are the drying physical control methods? | Drying in the open or in an oven(low heat for long time) - drying fruits or meats. Lyophilization - freeze vacuum drying (freeze first then dehydrate with powerful vacuum) - food, drugs, culture preservation.
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| How does the osmotic pressure method work? | Dehydrate the organism by adding lots of salt or sugar - used to preserve food.
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| Which is better for controlling the growth of microbes - u/v or gamma/x-rays? | Gamma/x-rays.
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| How does filtration method work? | Physical removal of organisms from liquids. Can use filters of specific pore size; most filters pass viruses, a few remove them.
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| Which physical control methods are static? | Cold, drying and osmotic pressure.
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Created by:
lisaanne11