Unit Six Chapter 14 by Ethan Frazier
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| bills of attainder | legislative act that punishes an individual or group without judicial trial.
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| Bill of Rights | The first 10 amendments of the U.S. Constitution
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| Brandenberg. V. Ohio | speech would have to be judged as inciting unlawful action in order to be restricted.
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| capital punishment | issuance of death sentences to those convicted of major crimes
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| clear and present danger test | test to determine the standard to which a balance would be struck between national security and freedom of speech.
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| cruel and unusual punishment | punishment deemed cruel and unusual according to a concept from English law
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| due process clause of the 5th and 14th Amendments | No person can be deprived of life, liberty or property and everyone has the right to a fair trial.
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| eminent domain | power to claim private property for public use.
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| Engle v. Vitale | banned the use of a prayer written by the New York State Board of Regents.
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| equal protection clause | important basis of the modern civil rights movement
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| Espionage Act of 1917 | forbid false statements intended to interfere with U.S. military forces or materials to be mailed if they violated the law or advocated resistance to the government.
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| establishment clause | prohibits the government from establishing an official church.
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| Everson v. Board of Education | declared busing religiously neutral, and that reimbursements were appropriate. It did declare states cannot support one religion over another.
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| ex post facto laws | laws that are banned because they affect the accused negatively.
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| exclusionary rule | evidence gathered illegally cannot be used in a trial.
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| First Amendment rights | right to freedom of religion, speech, press, petition, and assembly.
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| Fourteenth Amendment | protects violation of rights and liberties by the state governments.
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| Furman v. Georgia | Upheld the death penalty.
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| free exercise clause | does not allow any laws prohibiting the free exercise of religion.
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| Gitlow v. New York | Upheld 14th amendment by deciding that fundamental personal rights were protected from infringement by states.
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| Gideon V. Wainwright | Required states to provide a lawyer to anyone charged with a felony.
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| Griswold v. Connecticut | upheld right to privacy.
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| habeas corpus | requires cause to be introduced in the trial of a prisoner
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| imminent action | ruled in favor of Brandenburg in that speech would have to be judged as inciting imminent action in order to be restricted.
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| incorporation | Bill of Rights apply to states.
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| Mapp v. Ohio | Must have reasonable suspicion in order to undergo search and seizure, thus protecting the rights of the accused.
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| Miranda v. Arizona | Forbids self-incriminationand requires the Miranda Rights be read upon arrest.
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| Miranda Rights | to remain silent, to be warned that responses may be used in a court of law, and to have a lawyer present during questioning.
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| moment of silence | for meditation and/or voluntary prayer.
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| priveleges and immunities clause | upheld by 14th amendment under the citizenship clause.
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| right to counsel | right to a legal advisor (lawyer).
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| right to privacy | idea expressed in Griswold v. Connecticut
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| Roe v. Wade | upheld abortion as legal
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| Schenck v. U.S. | ruled any action suggested that is illegal is not protected under the 1st amendment.
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| Sedition Act of 1798 | made it a crime to write, utter, or publish anti-government statements with the intent to defame.
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| Sedition Act of 1918 | forbid anyone to write, print, or publish language intended to incite resistance to the US government.
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| Smith Act | punishment for advocation of the overthrow of the US government and punishment for membership in a group advocating the same thing.
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| symbolic speech | actions meant to convey a political message.
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| Texas v. Johnson | ruled flag desecration constitutional.
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| unreasonable search and seizure | guaranteed by 4th amendment.
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| wall of separation | separation of church and state.
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