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Language
Definition
CREOLE   a language that results from the mixing of a colonizer's language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated  
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DIALECT   a regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling and pronunciation  
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INDO-EUROPEAN LANGUAGES   germanic, romance, balto-slavic, and indo-iranian languages are all part of the same indo-european language family and they all have commmon roots  
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ISOGLOSS   a boundary that separates regions in which different language usages predominate  
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LANGUAGE   a system of communication through the use of speech, a collection of sounds understood by a group of people to have the same meaning  
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LANGUAGE FAMILY   a collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history  
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LANGUAGE GROUP   a collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatibely few differences in grammar and vocabulary  
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LANGUAGE SUBFAMILY   a smaller group of languages within the language family that are related to one another through a common ancestor long before recorded history  
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LINGUA FRANCA   a language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages  
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LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY   the occurance of numerous languages that are spoken around the world  
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MONOLINGUAL/MULTILINGUAL   capable of communication in one (mono) language and (multi) capable of communication in more than one language, but not necessarily at the same level of proficiency  
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OFFICIAL LANGUAGE   an official language is a language that is given a unique legal status in the countries, states, and other territories  
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PIDGIN   a simplified, limited language combining features from many languages and used among persons who share no common language amongst themselves  
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TOPONYMY   the scientific study of place-names (toponyms), their origins, meanings, use and typology  
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TRADE LANGUAGE   also a pidgin, or contact language, is the name given to any language created, usually spontaneously, out of two or more languages as a means of trade  
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Popular AP Human Geography sets