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3rd 9 weeks review

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Question
Answer
I am going to study hard for my test   YES, I love making good grades!  
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Father of Evolution   Charles Darwin  
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survival of the fittest or best adaptated survive to reproduce   Natural Selection  
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When a farmer picks the best crops or animals to breed in order to get offspring with the wanted characteristics   Artificial Selection  
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When one species evolves or changes into more than one species   Speciation  
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When a physical barrier separates two organisms and they eventually evolve into two species (one type of speciation)   Geographic Isolation  
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When two organisms are separated due to the time the organism mates, which eventually will result in the evolution of two species (one type of speciation)   Reproductive Isolation  
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Two types of speciation   Reproductive and Geographic Isolation  
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Compares the embryos of two organisms to see how genetically similar they are   Embryology  
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Compares the structure of organisms to compare the similiarities   Anatomy  
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Compares the chemical makeup of two organsims to see similarities   Biochemistry  
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Same structure, different function   Homologous Structure  
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same function, different structure   Analogous Structure  
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Structure inherited from the parents of the offspring, but often unused   Vestigial Structure  
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Type of structure that is seen when comparing a bird wing and a bee wing   Analogous structure  
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Type of structure that is seen when comparing a whale fin to a human arm   Homologous Structure  
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Type of structure defined by the human appendix, a hipbone on a snake, or eyes on a blind mole rat   Vestigial Structure  
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When examining a fossil record, where is the oldest fossil   the bottom of the sample  
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List the levels of classification from BROAD to SPECIFIC   Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species  
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In the levels of classification, what is the level that comes right after class   Order  
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In the levels of classification, which to levels are used in binomial nomenclatures?   Genus and Species  
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In the levels of classification, what are the two levels that are used in the scientific name?   Genus and species  
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In a scientific name, which part come first?   Genus  
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In the scientific name, what must be done to the genus part?   First, capitalized, underline or italized. It can also be abbreviated to one letter.  
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When writing the species portion of the scientific name, what do you need to remember?   Second word, lower case.  
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If two organisms have the same order, what other levels are classification are the same?   Everything before it (Class, Phylum, Kingdom  
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A type of cell that does NOT contain a true nucleus   Prokaryotic Cell  
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All the kingdoms that have prokaryotic cells   Eubacteria and Archaebacteria  
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Type of cell that has a true nucleus and organelles   Eukaryotic  
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All the kingdoms that are eukaryotic   Everything but bacteria ( Fungus, Protist, Plants, Animals)  
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Name of an organims that has the ability to produce its own food   Autotroph  
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Type of organism that can not make its own food, it must comsume food for nutrients   Heterotroph  
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All the kingdoms that can be heterotrophic   Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Fungus, Protist, Animals  
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How many words are there in binomial nomenclature?   Two  
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What is the first word in the scientific name?   Genus  
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What is the second part to the scientific name?   Species  
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What is the Genus name of an orgnaism whoes scientific name is Meleca hornis   Meleca  
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Two main parts of most viruses   Core and capsid  
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Part of a virus that is usually made of protein   Capsid  
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Is a virus living or nonliving?   Nonliving, it must have a host to replicate  
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What do viruses lack that make them nonliving?   They cannot reproduce on their own, they must have a host  
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a cell which the virus uses to replicate   host cell  
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What is the first two steps of both the lytic and lysogentic cycles of viruses   attach and inject nucleic acid  
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injection of a weakend form of a virus that causes your body to produce antibodies to form immunity   vaccination  
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Medications that can be used to treat a bacterial infection   antibiotics  
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Variable in an experimant that the experimentor has control over   independent  
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Variable that the experimentor is looking for, the result of the experiment   Dependent  
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Name of organisms that break down dead organic matter   Decomposer  
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Purpose of bacteria living on the roots of plants to take nitrogen from the atmosphere and change it into a form that the plant can absorb   Nitrogen Fixation  
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Kingdom of bacteria that can live in exterme environments   Archaebacteria  
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Kingdom of bacteria that live in common environments   Eubacteria  
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Four advantages of bacteria ( How are they helpful?)   Decomposers, Food production, Medicine production, and Nitrogen Fixation  
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Living environment of most protist   Moist or watery  
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Type of protist that uses a pseudopod to move ( a pseudopod is a false foot)   Ameoba  
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Type of protist that uses cilia to move   Paramecium  
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Long, whip-like appendage on some organisms that help them move   Flagella  
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Short, hair-like projections used by some organisms to move   Cilia or pillus  
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Type of protist that uses a flagella to move   Euglena/algae  
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List some examples of Fungus   Mushrooms, puffball, atheletes foot, yeast  
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How do fungus get their food?   extracellular digestion: Heterotrophs that uses enzymes to breakdown the food and then absorb it  
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I am going to study for my test   YES, I love to impress everyone with my vast knowledge of Biology.  
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