| Questions |  |
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| Answers | |
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| Q: How much of the blood pumped by the heart goes to the brain? | A: 1/5 (20%) |
| Q: Of the oxygen utilized by the body, how much does the brain consume? | A: 20% (1/5) |
| Q: How much blood flows through the brain each minute? | A: 800mL |
| Q: You're a drop of blood traveling from the internal carotid artery to the internal jugular vein, how long does it take you? | A: 7 seconds. |
| Q: True or false? The brain stores a generous amount oxygen. | A: False! This is one of the reasons the brain requires a constant blood supply. |
| Q: True or false? The brain derives its energy from aerobic metabolism of glucose derived from the blood. | A: True! |
| Q: The blood supply to your brain is cut off... What happens after 10 seconds? | A: Loss of consciousness. |
| Q: The blood supply to your brain is cut off... What happens after 20 seconds? | A: Loss of electrical activity. |
| Q: The blood supply to your brain is cut off... What happens after 2 minutes? | A: Irreversible brain damage |
| Q: The posterior communicating artery is a collateral branch of which artery? | A: Internal carotid artery. |
| Q: Name the terminal branches of the internal carotid artery. | A: Middle cerebral and anterior cerebral aa. |
| Q: True or false? The middle cerebral artery is a direct continuation of the internal carotid artery. | A: True! |
| Q: This artery runs deep in the lateral sulcus and supplies the lateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere. | A: Middle cerebral artery. |
| Q: The anterior communicating artery is a connection between what? | A: The two anterior cerebral arteries. |
| Q: This artery ascends in the longitudinal fissure. | A: Anterior cerebral artery. |
| Q: What are the three main arteries that make up the anterior circulation of the brain? | A: Internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, and anterior cerebral artery. |
| Q: What are the three main arteries that make up the posterior circulation of the brain? | A: Vertebral artery, basilar artery, and posterior cerebral artery. |
| Q: The vertebral arteries are branches of which arteries? | A: Subclavian arteries. |
| Q: The two vertebral arteries join together to form what? | A: Basilar artery. |
| Q: Tell me what PICA refers to and what is it a branch of? | A: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery which branches off the vertebral artery. |
| Q: The vertebral artery has three main branches discussed in lecture. What are they? | A: Anterior spinal artery, posterior spinal artery, and the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. |
| Q: The PICA is a branch off the vertebral artery. So where does the AICA come from? | A: Basilar artery. |
| Q: The basilar artery bifurcates to form what? | A: The two posterior cerebral arteries. |
| Q: The AICA is a branch of the basilar artery. Can you name some more? | A: Labyrinthine artery, pontine artery, and superior cerebellar artery. |
| Q: The callosomarginal artery is a branch of the _______. | A: Anterior cerebral artery. |
| Q: The posterior choroidal artery is a branch of the _______. | A: Posterior cerebral artery. |
| Q: The calcarine artery is a branch of the _______. | A: Posterior cerebral artery. |
| Q: This sulcus runs perpendicular to the parietooccipital sulcus and houses the visual cortex. | A: Calcarine sulcus. |
| Q: This structure divides parietal lobe from occipital lobe. | A: parietooccipital sulcus. |
| Q: We all know the circle of Willis, right? So name the arteries considered part of the circle. | A: Anterior communicating, anterior cerebral, internal carotid, posterior communicating, and posterior cerebral. (It’s easy… ant/post communicating - ant/post cerebral - internal carotid) |
| Q: Is the middle cerebral artery part of the circle of Willis? What about the basilar? | A: No and no. |
| Q: True or false? Superficial cerebral veins can be found on all surfaces of the brain hemispheres within the subarachnoid space. | A: True! |
| Q: Superior cerebral veins empty into the _______. | A: Superior sagittal sinus. |
| Q: The superficial middle cerebral vein empties into the _______. | A: Cavernous sinus. |
| Q: The superior anastomotic vein of Trolard empties into the _______. | A: Superior sagittal sinus. |
| Q: The inferior anastomotic vein of Labbbe’ empties into the _______. | A: Transverse sinus. |
| Q: This vein runs down and forward in the depths of the lateral sulcus and appears on the ventral surface of the brain. | A: Deep middle cerebral vein. |
| Q: These two veins join together to form the basal vein of Rosenthal. | A: Anterior cerebral vein and deep middle cerebral vein. |
| Q: This vein empties into the great vein of Galen. | A: The basal vein (also known as the basal vein of Rosenthal). |
| Q: Two internal cerebral veins join to form the _______. | A: Great vein of Galen. |
| Q: Ultimately, where does the great vein of Galen empty into? | A: Straight sinus. |
| Q: What we need to know about the spinal arteries for this test… | A: They come from vertebral arteries PLUS there is one anterior and two posterior. |
| Q: What drains the central core of the cerebrum and empties into the dural venous sinuses? | A: Deep cerebral veins (don’t forget this, she said to highlight it). |
| Q: True or false? The thalamostriate vein and choroidal vein are part of the internal venous drainage. | A: True! These two veins also join to form the internal cerebral vein. |
| Q: Which of the following give off spinal segmental arteries: vertebral a. in cervical region, posterior intercostal branches of the thoracic aorta, or lumbar branches of the abdominal aorta? | A: The ALL do. |
| Q: These arteries run along the ventral and dorsal roots of spinal nerves. What are they and where do they come from? | A: They are the anterior and posterior radicular arteries and the come from spinal segmental arteries. |
| Q: True or false? Spinal veins have a very distinct pattern. | A: False! They have an irregular pattern. |
